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Primary generalized glucocorticoid hypersensitivity (PGGH) is a very rare disease caused by terminal organ hypersensitivity to glucocorticoids for which the aetiology is unknown. The incidence of PGGH is extre...
Teaching Basic Life Support (BLS) in schools is a key initiative to improve the survival rates after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Low-cost training materials can reach a wider population. Our aim was to com...
Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) primary contact models of care use audiologists as the first triage point for children referred to ENT for middle ear and hearing concerns; and have shown reduced waiting time, impro...
Given the possible effect of maternal anxiety on the severity of colic pain in infants, this study aimed to investigate the effects of behavioral therapy counseling on infantile colic (primary outcome), matern...
With the rapid development of deep learning algorithms and the rapid improvement of computer hardware in the past few years, AI-assisted diagnosis software for bone age has achieved good diagnostic performance...
Infection is one of the most frequent causes of morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients. Some microorganisms become more virulent in a high glucose concentration. Diabetics are more likely to have asympto...
Goiter is a common presenting sign of various thyroid diseases in children. Thyroid nodules are clinically and/or radiologically significant findings due to their high malignancy rate. The ultrasound (US) char...
Primary intussusception in children is a common acute abdominal disease. The cause of this disease is still not fully understood. Many articles have reported that children with intussusception are often accomp...
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is an inflammatory bowel disease in preterm neonates with high morbidity and mortality. The only treatment available is supportive with broad-spectrum antibiotics and gastrointe...
COPA syndrome is a rare hereditary inflammatory disease caused by mutations in the gene encoding the coatomer protein subunit alpha, causing excessive production of type I interferon.
Although most cases of childhood cancer are unlikely to be prevented, by today’s standards, most children with cancer can now be cured. However, disparities about survival exist among countries; in Mexico, the...
In respiratory distress syndrome, many neonatology centers worldwide perform minimal invasive surfactant application in premature infants, using small-diameter catheters for endotracheal intubation and surfact...
Branchio-Oto-Renal (BOR) Syndrome is a rare autosomal disorder with a wide variety of clinical manifestations and a high degree of heterogeneity. Typical clinical manifestations of BOR syndrome include deafnes...
This case–control study aimed to compare lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and arsenic (As) levels in neonates with respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) with those levels in normal neonates and tested their association...
In recent years, obesity and vitamin D deficiency are more prevalent among adolescents. Improving our knowledge of the link between vitamin D and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is essential for the health of ad...
Acute infections are a common reason for children to consult primary care. Serious infections are rare but differentiating them from self-limiting illnesses remains challenging. This can lead to inappropriate ...
Spinal muscular atrophy (5q-SMA; SMA), a genetic neuromuscular condition affecting spinal motor neurons, is caused by defects in both copies of the SMN1 gene that produces survival motor neuron (SMN) protein. The...
Malaria and anaemia contribute substantially to child morbidity and mortality. In this study, we sought to jointly model the residual spatial variation in the likelihood of these two correlated diseases, while...
Neonatal lupus erythematosus is a rare multisystem autoimmune disorder that predominantly involves the heart with congenital heart block but can involve other organs including the liver. The disease results fr...
As sequencing technology has advanced in recent years, a series of synapse-related gene variants have been reported to be associated with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). The α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isox...
Very low birth weight (VLBW: ≤1500 g) is associated with multiple short and long-term complications. This study aimed to examine outcomes and predictors of functioning, mental health, and health-related qualit...
Deficiencies in oral motor function and feeding skills are common in children with cerebral palsy (CP). Oral motor therapy is a useful method to improve oral motor function and feeding skills. Oral motor facil...
Research of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) effects on newborns is ongoing. But the research of specific variant’s effects is none. This study analyzed the effects of the Omicron variant on the perinatal outcom...
We previously reported that 1-year-old infants born to mothers who regularly consumed fermented food during pregnancy had a lower risk of sleep deprivation. However, it is not known if these positive effects a...
Very preterm infants often require mechanical ventilation. However, objective criteria to predict the outcomes of extubation in very premature neonates remain lacking. The aim of this study was to investigate ...
Idiopathic connective tissue disease juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) is characterised by inflammatory myositis and distinctive skin abnormalities. Only a few cases of Dermatomyositis (DM) owing to chemotherapy ...
Neonatal hemochromatosis causes acute liver failure during the neonatal period, mostly due to gestational alloimmune liver disease (GALD). Thalassemia causes hemolytic anemia and ineffective erythropoiesis due...
In Saudi Arabia, general pediatrics serves children until they are 14 years old. It has contributed to improving the health of Saudi children.
Childhood vaccination rates in Armenia are high. However, anecdotal evidence suggests that some health workers may advise against vaccination. The extent and reasons behind this are unknown. This study used th...
Electroencephalogram and neuroimaging in pediatric patients with new-onset afebrile seizures are performed to detect any underlying pathological severe condition that may require emergent neuro-intervention an...
Multiple ear infections is causing hearing impairment among children all over the world and the health and social consequences track into early adolescence and later in life, if not treated. The monitoring of ...
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a disastrous gastrointestinal disease of newborns, and the mortality rate of infants with NEC is approximately 20%-30%. The exploration of pathogenic targets of NEC will be c...
Supplementary treatment options after pediatric severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) are needed to improve neurodevelopmental outcome. Evidence suggests enhancement of brain delta waves via auditory phase-targe...
Childhood asthma has substantial effects on children's health. It is important to identify factors in early life that influence childhood asthma. Accumulating evidence indicates that Helicobacter pylori may pr...
Severe infant eczema on the face should be treated early because it may lead to allergic diseases in the future. However, caregivers find it difficult to assess. A visual tool for caregivers is needed to easil...
Several individual studies from specific countries have reported rising numbers of pediatric COVID-19 cases with inconsistent reports on the clinical symptoms including respiratory and gastrointestinal symptom...
Infantile hypotonia with psychomotor retardation and characteristic facies type 3(IHPRF3) (OMIM #616,900) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by biallelic pathogenic variants of the TBCK gene, and to date, ...
Care practices for very preterm infants and the mortality and morbidity of the infants vary widely among countries and regions with different levels of economic development, including the different areas in Ch...
Childhood immunization has been globally recognized as the single most effective strategy in preventing childhood diseases and mortality. The perceptions of healthcare workers are important as their behavior a...
Feeding practices during early years may have long-lasting influences on eating behaviors, growth patterns and body mass index (BMI) trajectory. The objectives of this study were to characterize early feeding ...
The original article was published in BMC Pediatrics 2022 22:540
Congenital heart diseases (CHD) are the commonest congenital anomalies with increased risk in children born from families with affected members. However, various recurrence patterns of CHDs have been reported ...
IgA vasculitis (IgAV) is a common type of vasculitis seen in children. IgAV recurrence can result in chronic kidney disease. We aimed to explore the association between common laboratory indices and IgAV recur...
Globally more than 650,000 newborns died on their first day of life from birth asphyxia. The outcome of an asphyxiated newborn depends on the quality of care they received at birth. However, the quality of car...
Childhood obesity is potentially affected by breastfeeding, parents’ body mass index and birth weight. Thus, this study aimed to verify the association between breastfeeding, parents’ body mass index and birth...
Renal–hepatic–pancreatic dysplasia type 1 (RHPD1) is a rare sporadic and autosomal recessive disorder with unknown incidence. RHPD1 is caused by biallelic pathogenic variants in NPHP3, which encode nephrocystin, ...
Early Infant Diagnosis was launched in India in 2010 and its effect on the diagnosis of HIV-exposed infants needs to be assessed. The present study was done to find out the median age at DBS sample collection ...
Emery-Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy (EDMD) is an uncommon genetic disease among the group of muscular dystrophies. EDMD is clinically heterogeneous and resembles other muscular dystrophies. Mutation of the lamin...
In recent years, there have been an increasing number of reports on overlapping antibodies in autoimmune encephalitis (AE). There are various types of overlapping antibodies, but the clinical significance of e...
In-home unintentional injuries (IUIs) seriously threatened children’s safety. Three factors, including risky behaviors, parental supervision, and home environmental risks, have been identified as major causes ...
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