Articles

The role of early-onset-sepsis in the neurodevelopment of very low birth weight infants

The study investigated a putative association between early-onset-sepsis (EOS) and poor neurodevelopmental outcomes at 2 years corrected age in very low birth weight infants.

Authors: Tjark Ortgies, Michael Rullmann, Dorothée Ziegelhöfer, Annett Bläser and Ulrich H. Thome

Anxiety among Lebanese adolescents: scale validation and correlates

The Lebanese population has undergone several conflicts and were the most afflicted by shelling and chaos during the civil war from 1975 to 1990, or even by displacement, bereavement, emigration, family separa...

Authors: Georges Merhy, Vanessa Azzi, Pascale Salameh, Sahar Obeid and Souheil Hallit

Risk of Mycoplasma pneumoniae-related hepatitis in MP pneumonia pediatric patients: a predictive model construction and assessment

A predictive model for risk of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP)-related hepatitis in MP pneumonia pediatric patients can improve treatment selection and therapeutic effect. However, currently, no predictive model is av...

Authors: Yuna Bi, Yan Ma, Jinhua Zhuo, Lili Zhang, Liyan Yin, Hongling Sheng, Jie Luan and Tao Li

Patent ductus arteriosus, systemic NT-proBNP concentrations and development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in very preterm infants: retrospective data analysis from a randomized controlled trial

Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a common complication in very preterm infants. It is known that there is an association between PDA and development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) or death before the pos...

Authors: Solomiia Potsiurko, Dmytro Dobryanskyy and Lesya Sekretar

Patterns of risk exposure in first 1,000 days of life and health, behavior, and education-related problems at age 4.5: evidence from Growing Up in New Zealand, a longitudinal cohort study

Children who are high priority candidates for early intervention need to be identified to reduce their risk for experiencing problems in development. Those exposed to multiple risk factors are more likely to e...

Authors: Jan L. Wallander, Sarah Berry, Polly Atatoa Carr, Elizabeth R. Peterson, Karen E. Waldie, Emma Marks, Stephanie D’Souza and Susan M. B. Morton

Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of respiratory viruses in 4403 pediatric patients from multiple hospitals in Guangdong, China

Acute respiratory infections (ARI) cause considerable morbidity and mortality worldwide, especially in children. Unfortunately, there are limited multi-center data on common viral respiratory infections in sou...

Authors: Yajie Zhang, Lin Qiao, Jinxiu Yao, Nan Yu, Xiaoping Mu, Shengqi Huang, Bo Hu, Weixuan Li, Feng Qiu, Fangyin Zeng, Cong Chen, Yuqiu Zhou, Bashan Zhang, Tian Cai, Weijia Wang, Xianjin Wu…

Accuracy of pre-operative fistula diagnostics in anorectal malformations

Surgical safety during posterior sagittal anorectal plasty (PSARP) for anorectal malformations (ARM) depends on accurate pre-operative fistula localization. This study aimed to evaluate accuracy of pre-operati...

Authors: Louise Tofft, Martin Salö, Einar Arnbjörnsson and Pernilla Stenström

Implications of ACMG guidelines to identify high-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients with hereditary cancer susceptibility syndromes (HCSS) in a highly consanguineous population

Hereditary cancer susceptibility syndrome (HCSS) contributes to the cancer predisposition at an early age, therefore, identification of HCSS has found to be crucial for surveillance, managing therapeutic inter...

Authors: Sara Aslam, Shabana and Mehboob Ahmed

Reintubation rates after extubation to different non-invasive ventilation modes in preterm infants

Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) is a common cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality in premature newborns. In this study, we aim to compare the reintubation rate in preterm babies with RDS who were extub...

Authors: Alaa Masry, Nuha A. M. A. Nimeri, Olfa Koobar, Samer Hammoudeh, Prem Chandra, Einas E. Elmalik, Amr M. Khalil, Nasir Mohammed, Nazla A. M. Mahmoud, Lisa J. Langtree and Mohammad A. A. Bayoumi

Prediction of arrhythmia after intervention in children with atrial septal defect based on random forest

Using random forest to predict arrhythmia after intervention in children with atrial septal defect.

Authors: Hongxiao Sun, Yuhai Liu, Bo Song, Xiaowen Cui, Gang Luo and Silin Pan

Hydrocele in a case of atypical Kawasaki disease: case report and review of diagnostic criteria

Kawasaki Disease (KD) is a self-limiting vasculitis of unknown etiology. Although there are well-recognized clinical features associated with classic KD, there have been increasing numbers of atypical clinical...

Authors: Y. R. L. Tan, C.-T. C. Chow, I. Ganesan and H. M. E. Leow

Parental risk factors for congenital diaphragmatic hernia – a large German case-control study

Evidence for periconceptional or prenatal environmental risk factors for the development of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is still scarce. Here, in a case-control study we investigated potential enviro...

Authors: Felicitas Schulz, Ekkehart Jenetzky, Nadine Zwink, Charlotte Bendixen, Florian Kipfmueller, Neysan Rafat, Andreas Heydweiller, Lucas Wessel, Heiko Reutter, Andreas Mueller and Thomas Schaible

Utilizing single-cell RNA sequencing for analyzing the characteristics of PBMC in patients with Kawasaki disease

Kawasaki disease (KD) is the main cause of acquired heart disease in children and can lead to coronary artery lesions. This present study was designed to analyze the characteristics of KD peripheral blood mono...

Authors: Xue Fan, Yuhan Zhou, Xin Guo and Mingguo Xu

Normal sonographic liver and spleen dimensions in a central European pediatric population

Organ size is influenced by a number of factors. Age, height, weight, and ethnicity are known influencing factors. Pediatric populations have changed over time, puberty beginning earlier resulting in a changin...

Authors: Stephan Waelti, Tim Fischer, Simon Wildermuth, Sebastian Leschka, Tobias Dietrich, Sabine Guesewell, Pascal Mueller, Michael Ditchfield and Stefan Markart

Umbilical cord blood hematological parameters reference interval for newborns from Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Several factors like altitude, age, sex, pregnancy, socioeconomic status, life style and race influence hematological reference interval (RIs), which are critical to support clinical decisions and to interpret...

Authors: Ammanuel Angelo, Girma Derbie, Asrat Demtse and Aster Tsegaye

State-level trends in sudden unexpected infant death and immunization in the United States: an ecological study

Sudden unexpected infant death (SUID) continues to be a major contributor to infant mortality in the United States. The objective was to analyze time trends in SUID and their association with immunization cove...

Authors: Jacqueline Müller-Nordhorn, Konrad Neumann, Thomas Keil, Stefan N. Willich and Sylvia Binting

Superabsorbent polymer balls as foreign bodies in the nasal cavities of children: our clinical experience

To summarize the clinical diagnosis and treatment of superabsorbent polymer balls as nasal foreign bodies in children.

Authors: Sai-hong Han, Yong-chao Chen, Zhi-xiong Xian and Yi-shu Teng

Age related gene DST represents an independent prognostic factor for MYCN non-amplified neuroblastoma

MYCN amplification and age are two critical prognostic factors of pediatric neuroblastoma. Previously, we had revealed the prognosis of MYCN target genes. However, the prognostic effects of age related genes i...

Authors: Haiwei Wang, Xinrui Wang, Liangpu Xu, Ji Zhang and Hua Cao

Prevalence of increased transaminases and its association with sex, age, and metabolic parameters in children and adolescents with obesity – a nationwide cross-sectional cohort study

Childhood obesity increases the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease marked by elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT). This study investigated the prevalence of increased ALT in children and adolescents ...

Authors: Resthie R. Putri, Thomas Casswall and Emilia Hagman

Surgical management of patent ductus arteriosus in pre-term infants - a british paediatric surveillance study

This study aimed to provide UK data describing the incidence of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) surgery in the neonatal population, including: pre-ligation management, and outcomes until discharge. We used Brit...

Authors: A. Warnock, L. Szatkowski, A. Lakshmanan, L. Lee and W. Kelsall

Early combined rehabilitation intervention to improve the short-term prognosis of premature infants

To explore the clinical effect of early combined rehabilitation intervention on premature infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).

Authors: Yang Liu, Zheng-feng Li, Yun-huan Zhong, Zhi-hui Zhao, Wen-xin Deng, Ling-ling Chen, Bei-bei Liu, Tao-jun Du and Yong Zhang

The application of artificial intelligence methods to gene expression data for differentiation of uncomplicated and complicated appendicitis in children and adolescents - a proof of concept study –

Genome wide gene expression analysis has revealed hints for independent immunological pathways underlying the pathophysiologies of phlegmonous (PA) and gangrenous appendicitis (GA). Methods of artificial intel...

Authors: Josephine Reismann, Natalie Kiss and Marc Reismann

COVID-19 related multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C): a case series from a tertiary care pediatric hospital in Qatar

Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) is a severe complication of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in children, which is increasingly being reported worldwide. Here we report the first case ...

Authors: Mohammad Rubayet Hasan, Khaled Al Zubaidi, Karim Diab, Yahia Hejazi, Sharon Bout-Tabaku, Buthaina Al-Adba, Eman Al Maslamani, Mohammad Janahi, Diane Roscoe, Andres Perez Lopez and Patrick Tang

The determinants of 5th minute low Apgar score among newborns who delivered at public hospitals in Hawassa City, South Ethiopia

Newborn morbidity and mortality are forecasted using the Apgar scores. Obstetricians worldwide have used the Apgar score for more than half a century for the assessment of immediate newborn conditions. It is a...

Authors: Alex Yeshaneh, Andargachew Kassa, Zemenu Yohannes Kassa, Daniel Adane, Yohannes Fikadu, Semahegn Tilahun Wassie, Biresaw Wassihun Alemu, Mesfin Tadese, Solomon Shitu and Haimanot Abebe

Infected simple renal cyst due to Streptococcus pneumoniae rapidly diagnosed by the melting temperature mapping method: a case report

Spontaneous infection of preexisting solitary renal cysts has been documented in adults but is extremely rare in children. To date, no cases of simple renal cysts infected with Streptococcus pneumoniae have been ...

Authors: Yoji Uejima, Hideki Niimi, Reiko Kato, Mihoko Furuichi, Satoshi Sato, Isao Kitajima, Yutaka Kawano, Tsutomu Oh-Ishi, Hiroshi Kawashima and Eisuke Suganuma

Prevalence and predictive factors of transient and permanent congenital hypothyroidism in Fars province, Iran

There is no data on the number as well as the prevalence of congenital hypothyroidism (CH) in the Fars province. Hence, we designed this study to analyze the latest data and the possible predictive factors on ...

Authors: Ashkan Habib, Alireza Shojazadeh, Mohadeseh Molayemat, Asadollah Habib, Marjan Jeddi, Rita Arabsolghar, Mitra Nahas, Nazila Rahimi and Fariba Moradi Ardekani

A pilot study to evaluate the role of circulation CD4⁺ CCR6⁺ CRTh2⁺ cell in predicting risk of asthma in wheezing children

Wheezing is common in younger children and often related to viral infection. It is lack of reliable indicators for asthma prediction.

Authors: Jingyang Li, Jinhong Wu, Haipei Liu, Li Hua, Quanhua Liu, Dingzhu Fang, Yi Chen, Ruoxu Ji, Jianhua Zhang and Wenwei Zhong

Gender-role behaviour and gender identity in girls with classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia

Girls with classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) are exposed to excess fetal adrenal androgens in-utero, and often born with masculinised genitalia. They are conventionally reared as females, but show...

Authors: Sumudu Nimali Seneviratne, Umesh Jayarajah, Shamaali Gunawardana, Malik Samarasinghe and Shamya de Silva

Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy diagnosis and treatment: a National Survey in China

Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) affects as many as 100,000 infants each year in China. Therapeutic hypothermia reduces HIE related mortality and long-term neurodevelopmental disabilities. Nation...

Authors: Zheng Wang, Peng Zhang, Wenhao Zhou, Shiwen Xia, Wei Zhou, Xiaoyu Zhou, Xiuyong Cheng, Yuan Shi, Zhenlang Lin, Dongli Song and Guoqiang Cheng

Coughing children in family practice and primary care: a systematic review of prevalence, aetiology and prognosis

For evidence-based decision making, primary care physicians need to have specific and reliable information on the pre-test probabilities of underlying diseases and a symptom’s course. We performed a systematic...

Authors: Milena Bergmann, Jörg Haasenritter, Dominik Beidatsch, Sonja Schwarm, Kaja Hörner, Stefan Bösner, Paula Grevenrath, Laura Schmidt, Annika Viniol, Norbert Donner-Banzhoff and Annette Becker

UGT1A1 mutation association with increased bilirubin levels and severity of unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia in ABO incompatible newborns of China

Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia causing jaundice is common in East Asian population. Uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase isoenzyme (UGT1A1) glucuronidates bilirubin and converts the toxic form of bilirubin...

Authors: Hui Yang, Fen Lin, Zi-kai Chen, Lin Zhang, Jia-Xin Xu, Yong-Hao Wu, Jing-Ying Gu, Yu-Bin Ma, Jian-Dong Li and Li-Ye Yang

The Great Gut Mimicker: A case report of MIS-C and appendicitis clinical presentation overlap in a teenage patient

Abdominal pain and other gastrointestinal symptoms are common presenting features of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) and can overlap with infectious or inflammatory abdominal conditions, ...

Authors: Michelle Hwang, Kelsey Wilson, Lisa Wendt, Joshua Pohlman, Emily Densmore, Caitlin Kaeppler, Kyle Van Arendonk and Sarah Yale

Restrained eating in Lebanese adolescents: scale validation and correlates

Restrained eating disorder is prevalent worldwide across both ethnic and different cultural groups, and most importantly within the adolescent population. Additionally, comorbidities of restrained eating prese...

Authors: Tracy Boulos Nakhoul, Anthony Mina, Michel Soufia, Sahar Obeid and Souheil Hallit

A Chinese patient with developmental and epileptic encephalopathies (DEE) carrying a TRPM3 gene mutation: a paediatric case report

Developmental and epileptic encephalopathies (DEEs) are a heterogeneous group of chronic encephalopathies characterized by epilepsy with comorbid intellectual disability that are frequently associated with de ...

Authors: Qingyun Kang, Liming Yang, Hongmei Liao, Sai Yang, Xiaojun Kuang, Zeshu Ning, Caishi Liao and Bo Chen

Prevalence and risk factors for antibiotic utilization in Chinese children

Antibiotic resistance poses a significant threat to public health globally. Irrational utilization of antibiotics being one of the main reasons of antibiotic resistant. Children as a special group, there's mor...

Authors: Shasha Guo, Qiang Sun, Xinyang Zhao, Liyan Shen and Xuemei Zhen

A de novo 10q11.23q22.1 deletion detected by whole genome mate-pair sequencing: a case report

Interstitial deletions of chromosome band 10q11-q22 was a genomic disorder distinguished by developmental delay, congenital cleft palate and muscular hypotonia. The phenotypes involved were heterogeneous, hing...

Authors: Dalin Fu, Weisheng Lin, Fen Lu, Senjie Du, Min Zhu, Xiaoke Zhao, Jian Tang, Chuan Chen, Xiaoli Chui, Shanmei Tang, Kai Wang, Chuanchun Yang and Bei Han

Successful rescue of a lethal Griscelli syndrome type 2 presenting with neurological involvement and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: a case report

Griscelli syndrome type 2 (GS2) is a rare autosomal recessive disease caused by mutations in RAB27A gene. It is primarily characterized by a combination of partial albinism, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HL...

Authors: Qing Zhang, Yun-Ze Zhao, Hong-Hao Ma, Dong Wang, Nan Zhang, Zhi-Gang Li and Rui Zhang

Racial and ethnic disparities in opioid use for adolescents at US emergency departments

Racial/ethnic disparities in the use of opioids to treat pain disorders have been previously reported in the emergency department (ED). Further research is needed to better evaluate the impact race/ethnicity m...

Authors: Michael T. Phan, Daniel M. Tomaszewski, Cody Arbuckle, Sun Yang, Candice Donaldson, Michelle Fortier, Brooke Jenkins, Erik Linstead and Zeev Kain

Correction to: Study protocol and rationale of the “Cogniaction project” a cross-sectional and randomized controlled trial about physical activity, brain health, cognition, and educational achievement in schoolchildren

Authors: Patricio Solis-Urra, Jorge Olivares-Arancibia, Ernesto Suarez-Cadenas, Javier Sanchez-Martinez, Fernando Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Francisco B. Ortega, Irene Esteban-Cornejo, Cristina Cadenas-Sanchez, Jose Castro-Piñero, Alejandro Veloz, Steren Chabert, Kabir P. Sadarangani, Juan Pablo Zavala-Crichton, Jairo H. Migueles, Jose Mora-Gonzalez, Milton Quiroz-Escobar…

Childhood obesity prevention policies in Iran: a policy analysis of agenda-setting using Kingdon’s multiple streams

Pediatric obesity is one of the most important health challenges of the twenty-first century. Primary prevention of childhood obesity, can lessen its consequences. This study aims to assess childhood obesity p...

Authors: Shahnaz Taghizadeh, Rahim Khodayari-Zarnaq and Mahdieh Abbasalizad Farhangi

Risk factors associated with scabies infestation among primary schoolchildren in a low socio-economic area in southeast of Iran

Scabies is a neglected tropical disease caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei that burrows under the skin. It is a major health problem in tropical areas, largely affecting children. Scabies is common and highly c...

Authors: Alireza Sanei-Dehkordi, Moussa Soleimani-Ahmadi, Mehdi Zare and Seyed Aghil Jaberhashemi

Rickets manifestations in a child with metaphyseal anadysplasia, report of a spontaneously resolving case

Rickets is not an unusual diagnosis for pediatricians even currently in developed countries. Children typically present with leg bowing, enlargement of wrists, rachitic rosary (swelling of costochondral juncti...

Authors: Patricia Diaz Escagedo, Melissa Fiscaletti, Patricia Olivier, Chloé Hudon, Valancy Miranda, Marie-Claude Miron, Philippe M. Campeau and Nathalie Alos

The education word gap emerges by 18 months: findings from an Australian prospective study

The idea of the ‘30 million word gap’ suggests families from more socioeconomically advantaged backgrounds engage in more verbal interactions with their child than disadvantaged families. Initial findings from...

Authors: Mary E. Brushe, John Lynch, Sheena Reilly, Edward Melhuish, Murthy N. Mittinty and Sally A. Brinkman

Family-based intervention to prevent childhood obesity among school-age children of low socioeconomic status: study protocol of the FIVALIN project

Childhood obesity represents a global public health crisis: the number of obese children and adolescents (aged 5–19 years) worldwide has risen tenfold in the past four decades. The vast majority of overweight ...

Authors: C. Homs, P. Berruezo, G. Según, L. Estrada, J. de Bont, J. Riera-Romaní, E. Carrillo-Álvarez, H. Schröder, R. Milà and S. F. Gómez

Influences of persistent overweight on perceptual-motor proficiency of primary school children: the North-West CHILD longitudinal study

Overweight can be a precursor of poor motor execution, negatively impacting the overall development of school-aged children on various levels. This study determined the long-term influences of overweight on pe...

Authors: Elna de Waal and Anita Elizabeth Pienaar

Low compliance contribute to insufficient Desmopressin response of primary monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis and the role of voiding school

To evaluate the impact of compliance on the therapeutic effects of Desmopressin, as well as the importance of establishing the voiding school for low-compliance children in primary monosymptomatic enuresis tre...

Authors: Zoran Radojicic, Sasa Milivojevic, Irena Koricanac, Jelena Milin Lazovic, Darko Laketic, Ognjen Radojicic and Natasa Milic

The clinical value of passive leg raising plus ultrasound to predict fluid responsiveness in children after cardiac surgery

There are few non-invasive monitoring methods that can reliably predict fluid responsiveness (FR) in children. Here, we interrogate the value of doppler ultrasound evaluation of passive leg raising (PLR)-induc...

Authors: Deqiang Luo, Wei Dai, Lei Lei and Xueying Cai

Spinal arteriovenous malformation in a pediatric patient with a history of congenital syphilis: a case report

Spinal arteriovenous malformations in children are extremely rare and pose great risk for intraoperative hemorrhage. Congenital syphilis sometimes presents with vascular symptoms, however, there is little publ...

Authors: Mia J. Bertoli, Kruti Parikh, David Klyde, Catherine A. Mazzola and Shridevi Pandya Shah

Reference intervals for hemoglobin and mean corpuscular volume in an ethnically diverse community sample of Canadian children 2 to 36 months

To establish reference intervals for hemoglobin and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) in an ethnically diverse community sample of Canadian children 36 months and younger.

Authors: Jemila S. Hamid, Eshetu G. Atenafu, Cornelia M. Borkhoff, Catherine S. Birken, Jonathon L. Maguire, Mary Kathryn Bohn, Khosrow Adeli, Mohamed Abdelhaleem and Patricia C. Parkin

Minimum acceptable diet among children aged 6–23 months in South Kivu, Democratic Republic of Congo: a community-based cross-sectional study

Suboptimal child nutrition remains the main factor underlying child undernutrition in Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). This study aimed to assess the prevalence of minimum acceptable diet and associated fac...

Authors: Richard Mbusa Kambale, Gaylord Amani Ngaboyeka, Joe Bwija Kasengi, Sarah Niyitegeka, Boss Rutakaza Cinkenye, Armand Baruti, Kizito Chentwali Mutuga and Dimitri Van der Linden