Articles

Are maternal and child health initiatives helping to reduce under-five mortality in Ghana? Results of a quasi-experimental study using coarsened exact matching

Despite a 53 % decline in under-five mortality (U5M) worldwide during the period of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), U5M remains a challenge. Under-five mortality decline in Ghana is slow and not paral...

Authors: Augusta Kolekang, Bismark Sarfo, Anthony Danso-Appiah, Duah Dwomoh and Patricia Akweongo

Evaluation of problematic screen exposure in pre-schoolers using a unique tool called “seven-in-seven screen exposure questionnaire”: cross-sectional study

Screen media exposure has been increasing in the preschool years. Risky aspects of screen exposure have many potential negative effects on children’s health. We aimed to evaluate problematic screen exposure in...

Authors: S. Songül Yalçin, Özlem Tezol, Nilgün Çaylan, Meryem Erat Nergiz, Deniz Yildiz, Şeyma Çiçek and Ayşe Oflu

Factors associated with mortality of pediatric sepsis patients at the pediatric intensive care unit in a low-resource setting

Sepsis is the leading cause of death worldwide in pediatric populations. Studies in low-resource settings showed that the majority of pediatric patients with sepsis still have a high mortality rate.

Authors: Desy Rusmawatiningtyas, Arini Rahmawati, Firdian Makrufardi, Nurul Mardhiah, Indah Kartika Murni, Cuno S. P. M. Uiterwaal, Ary I. Savitri, Intan Fatah Kumara and Nurnaningsih

A cluster of children with facial nerve palsy in a high prevalence area for COVID-19

COVID-19 is a disease of varying presentation and neurological sequelae of the disease are being studied. Following a cluster of paediatric facial nerve palsy (FNP) cases in an area of South Wales with a high ...

Authors: David Barron, Owen Richards, Fleur Archer, Mohamed Abdelrazek, Rajesh Ranjan and Omotakin Omolokun

Langerhans cell histiocytosis misdiagnosed as cow protein allergy: a case report

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a heterogeneous disease with diverse clinical manifestations. Abdominal organ involvement is rare. Early diagnosis and active treatment are needed. The purpose of this ar...

Authors: Xintong Lv, Libo Wang, Zhuang Pi and Chunyan Zhang

The effect of zinc deficiency and iron overload on endocrine and exocrine pancreatic function in children with transfusion-dependent thalassemia: a cross-sectional study

Children with transfusion-dependent thalassemia (TDT) suffer from secondary hemosiderosis and the delirious effects this iron overload has on their different body organs, including the pancreas. They are also ...

Authors: Suzan O. Mousa, Ebtihal M. Abd Alsamia, Hend M. Moness and Osama G. Mohamed

A systematic scoping review of early interventions for parents of deaf infants

Over 90% of the 50,000 deaf children in the UK have hearing parents, many of whom were not expecting a deaf child and may require specialist support. Deaf children can experience poorer long-term outcomes than...

Authors: B. Wright, R. Hargate, M. Garside, G. Carr, T. Wakefield, R. Swanwick, I. Noon and P. Simpson

Preemptive analgesic effectiveness of single dose intravenous ibuprofen in infants undergoing cleft palate repair: a randomized controlled trial

Correction surgery for cleft palate is recommended between 9 and 18 months of age. Patients suffer from acute pain after palatoplasty. Clinicians are hesitant to use opioids for analgesia concerning the potent...

Authors: Zhe Zhe Peng, Yan Ting Wang, Ma Zhong Zhang, Ji Jian Zheng, Jie Hu, Wan Ru Zhou and Ying Sun

Social and environmental risk factors for unintentional suffocation among infants in China: a descriptive analysis

This retrospective study aimed to determine the epidemiological features of deaths caused by unintentional suffocation among infants in China.

Authors: Xue Yu, Lei Miao, Jun Zhu, Juan Liang, Li Dai, Xiaohong Li, Qi Li, Rui Rao, Chunhua Yuan, Yanping Wang, Chunhua He and Leni Kang

Health risk behaviours among adolescents in Argentina: trends between 2007, 2012 and 2018 national cross-sectional school surveys

The aim of this study was to assess trends of various health risk behaviours among adolescents across three different surveys in Argentina.

Authors: Karl Peltzer and Supa Pengpid

Clinical features and prognosis of paediatric rhabdomyosarcoma with bone marrow metastasis: a single Centre experiences in China

The aim of this study was to summarize the clinical characteristics, therapeutic effects and prognosis of patients with rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) and bone marrow metastasis, improve the understanding of this dise...

Authors: Cheng Huang, Binglin Jian, Yan Su, Na Xu, Tong Yu, Lejian He, Xue Zhang, Yi Liu, Mei Jin and Xiaoli Ma

Screening for post-traumatic stress disorder among adolescents following floods- a comparative study from private and public schools in Kerala, India

Disasters can have deep physical and psychological impact among survivors. An extraordinary southwest monsoon has unleashed floods and landslides in Kerala state in 2018. Adolescents are more vulnerable to psy...

Authors: Geethu Mathew, Aby Dany Varghese, Ans Mary Sabu and Aleena Joseph

The salutary effect of peritoneal dialysis catheters on enhanced recovery among high-risk pediatric patients undergoing the left coronary transfer procedure: a cohort study

Evidence for peritoneal dialysis catheter (PDC) usage in pediatric patients undergoing surgery for deteriorating cardiac dysfunction is lacking. This investigation explored factors associated with PDC usage an...

Authors: Chunrong Wang, Yuefu Wang, Fuxia Yan, Peng Fu, Jun Li, Lijing Yang, Sheng Shi, Jianhui Wang, Yuchen Gao, Sudena Wang and Yu Tian

Prenatal prognostic factors for isolated right congenital diaphragmatic hernia: a single center’s experience

Right-sided congenital diaphragmatic hernia (RCDH) is relatively rare compared with left-sided congenital diaphragmatic hernia (LCDH). Clinical data of RCDH, especially with respect to antenatal prediction of ...

Authors: Jiyoon Jeong, Byong Sop Lee, Teahyen Cha, Euiseok Jung, Ellen Ai-Rhan Kim, Ki-Soo Kim, Dae Yeon Kim, Jung-Man Namgoong, Seong Chul Kim, Mi-Young Lee and Hye-Sung Won

Relationship between the more-affected upper limb function and daily activity performance in children with cerebral palsy: a cross-sectional study

There are differences in roles between the more-affected and less-affected upper limb of children with cerebral palsy (CP). However, there is a lack of studies of the relationship between the more-affected lim...

Authors: Hyerin Park, Ja Young Choi, Sook-hee Yi, Eun Sook Park, Dain Shim, Tae Young Choi and Dong-wook Rha

Diagnostic value of monocyte chemoattractant Protein-1, soluble mannose receptor, Presepsin, and Procalcitonin in critically ill children admitted with suspected sepsis

The differentiation between systemic inflammatory response syndrome and sepsis is very important as it determines essential treatment decisions, such as selection, initiation, and duration of antibiotic therapy.

Authors: Noha A. Hassuna, Ebtesam Elgezawy, Suzan O. Mousa, Reem A. AbdelAziz, Reham A. Ibrahem, Wafaa Yousif Abdel Wahed, Khalid A. Nasif and Enas M. Hefzy

Retrospective comparison of death or neurodevelopmental outcomes in extremely low birth weight preterm infants following different management options of haemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus

Optimal management of haemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus (HsPDA) in premature babies remains controversial. Our aim is to compare death and/or adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes in extremel...

Authors: Jania Jia-Ying Wu, Krishnamoorthy Niduvaje, Le ye Lee and Zubair Amin

Chronic pain among children with cerebral palsy attending a Ugandan tertiary hospital: a cross-sectional study

Children with cerebral palsy (CP) frequently experience chronic pain. The burden and severity of such pain is often underestimated in relation to their other impairments. Recognition and awareness of this chro...

Authors: Emma Nsalazi Bambi, Angelina Kakooza Mwesige, Hervé Monka Lekuya, Philip Kasirye and Richard Idro

Association between parental divorce and mental health outcomes among Lebanese adolescents: results of a national study

In Lebanon, divorce rates have jumped from nearly 7000 in recent years to 8580 in 2017, an increase of 22.5%, with North Lebanon recording the highest number, followed by Beirut, likely resulting in increased ...

Authors: Sahar Obeid, Gloria Al Karaki, Chadia Haddad, Hala Sacre, Michel Soufia, Rabih Hallit, Pascale Salameh and Souheil Hallit

Lipid enemas for meconium evacuation in preterm infants – a retrospective cohort study

Enemas are used in preterm infants to promote meconium evacuation, but frequent high-volume enemas might contribute to focal intestinal perforation (FIP). To replace a regime consisting of frequent enemas of v...

Authors: Maximilian Gross and Christian F. Poets

Severe protein C deficiency in a newborn caused by a homozygous pathogenic variant in the PROC gene: a case report

Severe protein C deficiency is a rare and inherited cause of thrombophilia in neonates. Protein C acts as an anticoagulant, and its deficiency results in vascular thrombosis. Herein, we report a case of protei...

Authors: Uisook Song, Young Hye Ryu, Kiteak Hong, So-Yeon Shim, Seongyeol Park, Jeong Seok Lee, Young Seok Ju, Seung Han Shin and Soyoung Lee

Pregnancy and Infant Development (PRIDE)—a preliminary observational study of maternal adversity and infant development

Children from socioeconomically disadvantaged families have a markedly elevated risk for impaired cognitive and social-emotional development. Children in poverty experience have a high risk for developmental d...

Authors: Katherine Bowers, Lili Ding, Kimberly Yolton, Hong Ji, Nichole Nidey, Jerrold Meyer, Robert T. Ammerman, Judith Van Ginkel and Alonzo Folger

Changes in the availability of medical oxygen and its clinical practice in Ethiopia during a national scale-up program: a time series design from thirty-two public hospitals

Oxygen therapy is a lifesaving treatment, however, in Ethiopia, oxygen is not readily available in many healthcare facilities. In 2015, the Federal Ministry of Health launched a national roadmap to increase ac...

Authors: Habtamu Seyoum Tolla, Yigeremu Abebe Asemere, Alebel Yaregal Desale, Dinkineh Bikila Woyessa, Zinabie Feleke Fekadu, Alemayehu Berhanu Belete, Audrey Battu and Felix Lam

Traditional Mongolian swaddling and developmental dysplasia of the hip: a randomized controlled trial

Mongolian traditional swaddling of infants, where arms and legs are extended with a tight wrapping and hips are in adduction position, may lead to abnormal maturation and formation of the hip joint; and is a c...

Authors: Munkhtulga Ulziibat, Bayalag Munkhuu, Ariun-Erdene Bataa, Raoul Schmid, Thomas Baumann and Stefan Essig

Chylomicron retention disease caused by a new pathogenic variant in sar1b protein: a rare case report from Syria

Chylomicron retention disease (Anderson disease) is a result for variant of the SAR1B gene. It is a rare autosomal recessive hereditary disorder with most incidence in infant. It is characterized by lipid mala...

Authors: Leen Jamel Doya, Lava Mohammad, Razan Omran, Alexander Ali Ibrahim, Nizar Yousef, Ali Ibrahim and Mohammad Adib Houreih

Conjunctival granulomatous capillary haemangioma in children: case report and review of the literature

Granulomatous capillary haemangioma refers to a benign vascular tumour that commonly affects the skin, with occasional involvement of the mucosa. Reports of conjunctival granulomatous capillary haemangioma in ...

Authors: Caiping Shi, Yanhong Ren, Jia Feng, Weizhong Guo and Xiaoyu Zheng

Study protocol: childhood outcomes of fetal genomic variants: the PrenatAL Microarray (PALM) cohort study

The implementation of genomic testing in pregnancy means that couples have access to more information about their child’s genetic make-up before birth than ever before. One of the resulting challenges is the m...

Authors: Lisa Hui, Cecilia Pynaker, Joanne Kennedy, Sharon Lewis, David J. Amor, Susan P. Walker and Jane Halliday

Estimating trunk fat in children according to sex using basic somatic readings: an opportunity for improving evaluation among girls

The fat mass estimators waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and relative fat mass—pediatric (RFMp) complement the widely accepted body mass index (BMI) in obesity evaluation. Aims of the Study: Conduct an easy apprai...

Authors: Manuel Moya and Virginia Pérez-Fernandez

Neuroimaging findings of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) following haematopoietic stem cell transplantation in paediatric recipients

Haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is used worldwide in various malignant and nonmalignant childhood diseases, including haematologic, genetic, autoimmune and metabolic disorders, and is the only ...

Authors: Ali Önder Atça, Berrin Erok and Selime Aydoğdu

Associations between body composition and fundamental motor skill competency in children

Evidence supports an inverse relationship between weight status and motor competence, but most work utilizes body mass index as the proxy for weight status. Body mass index fails to account for essential compo...

Authors: E. Kipling Webster, Indica Sur, Alicia Stevens and Leah E. Robinson

Cultural variation in factors associated with sudden infant death during sleep

Despite the significant reduction decades ago in sudden unexpected death in infancy (SUDI), decline of rates has slowed and stalled in some countries, including the USA. This led to an appreciation of ethnic v...

Authors: Young Mee Ahn, Kyung-moo Yang, Hong Il Ha and Jung Ae Cho

Component of oligomeric Golgi complex 1 deficiency leads to hypoglycemia: a case report and literature review

Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are a group of metabolic diseases with clinical and genetic heterogeneity, and CDG-IIg is one of the rare reported types of CDG. The aim of this study is to report t...

Authors: Yizhou Huang, Han Dai, Gangyi Yang, Lili Zhang, Shiyao Xue and Min Zhu

Duplex kidney complicated with preoperative inferior nephroblastoma rupture in children: a case report and literature review

We admitted a child with a duplex kidney combined with preoperative rupture of nephroblastoma and used this case to discuss the clinical features and treatment of this disease.

Authors: Yongxiang Zhao, Haiyan Cheng, Hongcheng Song, Ruimin Zhang, Xiangming Wu, Haowei Li, Jun Wang, Huanmin Wang and Chunmei Jia

Diffusion tensor imaging based multiparametric characterization of renal lesions in infants with urinary tract infections: an explorative study

Conventional diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) is a promising non-invasive tool in the evaluation of infants with symptomatic urinary tract infections (UTI). The use of multiparametric diffusion tensor imaging ...

Authors: Yvonne Simrén, Eira Stokland, Sverker Hansson, Hanna Hebelka, Par-Arne Svensson and Kerstin M. Lagerstrand

The shadow challenges to improve the state essential newborn care practices in healthcare providers: evidence from a multicentre cross-sectional study in Ethiopia

Neonatal mortality can be reduced by providing essential newborn care. However, it is overlooked by most healthcare providers in Ethiopia. Hence, this study aims to examine immediate essential newborn care pra...

Authors: Ermias Sisay Chanie, Amare Kassaw, Melkamu Senbeta, Fisha Alebel GebreEyesus, Aragaw Tesfaw, Abenezer Melkie, Tekalign Amera Birlie, Biruk Demissie, Demeke Mesfin Belay, Demewoze Kefale Mekone, Biniam Minuye Birhan and Wubet Alebachew Bayih

Reminder system for health screening in early childhood – an analysis regarding different social circumstances

Children with a low socio-economic position (SEP) participate in prevention and health examinations less often. In order to increase participation, reminder systems have been implemented in Germany since 2009....

Authors: Simone Weyers, Annika Höhmann, Simon Götz and Katharina Kreffter

Ileal Dieulafoy lesion arose 15 years after partial small bowel resection for meconium obstruction of the neonate: a case report

Anastomotic or perianastomotic ulcers present with symptoms such as chronic anaemia and occult bleeding as long-term complications of bowel resection performed in infancy.

Authors: Maho Iwamoto, Tsugumichi Koshinaga, Eri Fujita, Manabu Hanada, Shuichiro Uehara and Mitsuhiko Moriyama

Correction to: Prevention of unintentional injuries in children under five years

Authors: Sophie Jullien

Stapled versus hand-sewn intestinal anastomosis in pediatric patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

The safety and feasibility of stapled intestinal anastomosis have been widely reported in adults. However, the efficacy of stapled anastomosis (SA) in children is unclear. The aim of this study was to perform ...

Authors: Takayuki Fujii, Aya Tanaka, Hiroto Katami and Ryuichi Shimono

Effective nutrition governance is correlated with better nutrition outcomes in Nepal

The public health burden of undernutrition remains heavy and widespread, especially in low-income countries like Nepal. While predictors of undernutrition are well documented, few studies have examined the eff...

Authors: Grace Namirembe, Robin Shrestha, Julieta Mezzano, Lynne M. Ausman, Dale Davis, Kedar Baral, Shibani Ghosh, Gerald Shively and Patrick Webb

Time to death and its associated factors among infants in sub-Saharan Africa using the recent demographic and health surveys: shared frailty survival analysis

Globally, approximately 4.1 million infants died, accounting for 75% of all under-five deaths. In sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), infant mortality was 52.7/1000 live births in 2018 This study aimed to assess the poo...

Authors: Sofonyas Abebaw Tiruneh, Ejigu Gebeye Zeleke and Yaregal Animut

Hypovitaminosis D and risk factors in pediatric epilepsy children

Anti-seizure medication (ASM) treatment is one of the significant risk factors associated with abnormal vitamin D status in epilepsy patients. Multiple studies have shown that adult epilepsy patients can exhib...

Authors: Napakjira Likasitthananon, Charcrin Nabangchang, Thitiwan Simasathien, Suchavadee Vichutavate, Voraluck Phatarakijnirund and Piradee Suwanpakdee

“The balloon was just the kick start, I had to do the rest myself”: Adolescents living with severe obesity experiences of an intra-gastric balloon alongside a lifestyle support programme

Few treatments exist for adolescents living with severe obesity. This qualitative study explored the experiences of severely obese adolescents and their families who participated in the BOB study.

Authors: Lindsey J. Reece, Paul Bissell, Pooja Sachdev, Neil Wright, Seema Mihrshahi and Robert J. Copeland

Parental experience of the neuromotor development of children with congenital heart disease: an exploratory qualitative study

Children with severe congenital heart disease (CHD) are a group of children at risk for neurodevelopmental impairments. Motor development is the first domain to show a delay during the first year of life and m...

Authors: Elena Mitteregger, Martina Wehrli, Manuela Theiler, Jana Logoteta, Irina Nast, Brigitte Seliner and Beatrice Latal

Establishing an appropriate Z score regression equation for Chinese pediatric coronary artery echocardiography: a multicenter prospective cohort study

Z score utility is emphasized in classifying coronary artery lesions in Kawasaki disease patients. The present study is the largest such multicenter Chinese pediatric study about coronary artery diameter refere.....

Authors: Shu-min Fan, Bei Xia, Wei-xiang Liu, Wei Yu, Zhi-xia Wu, Shu-Bao Chen, Qing-Hua Liu, Wen-juan Chen, Shan-liang Zhu, Mei Jin, Jie-Qing Min and Yang Xu

Identifying pain trajectories in children and youth with cerebral palsy: a pilot study

Although chronic pain is common in children with cerebral palsy (CP), little is known about short-term pain fluctuations and their impact on children’s well-being. High-quality cohort studies are needed to und...

Authors: Heather M. Shearer, Pierre Côté, Sheilah Hogg-Johnson, Patricia McKeever and Darcy L. Fehlings

Study protocol: DexaDays-2, hydrocortisone for treatment of dexamethasone-induced neurobehavioral side effects in pediatric leukemia patients: a double-blind placebo controlled randomized intervention study with cross-over design

Dexamethasone, a highly effective drug in treating pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), can induce serious neurobehavioral side effects. These side effects are experienced by patients and parents as d...

Authors: A. M. van Hulst, E. J. Verwaaijen, M. F. Fiocco, S. M. F. Pluijm, M. A. Grootenhuis, R. Pieters, E. L. T. van den Akker and M. M. van den Heuvel-Eibrink

The impact of childhood injury and injury severity on school performance and high school completion in Australia: a matched population-based retrospective cohort study

Exploring the impact of injury and injury severity on academic outcomes could assist to identify characteristics of young people likely to require learning support services. This study aims to compare scholast...

Authors: Rebecca J. Mitchell, Cate M. Cameron, Anne McMaugh, Reidar P. Lystad, Tim Badgery-Parker and Tayhla Ryder

Response to: Low gestational age is associated with less anastomotic complications after open primary repair of esophageal atresia with tracheoesophgeal fistula. BMC Paediatric 2020; 20:267

Authors: V. Coles and I. Yardley

Epidemiology of childhood injuries in Saudi Arabia: a scoping review

Injury is the leading cause of death among Saudi children. Despite that, much remains unknown on the epidemiology and the extent of burden. This scoping review aims to describe previous literature on injury bu...

Authors: Hadeel Albedewi, Nouf Al-Saud, Abdulhameed Kashkary, Ada Al-Qunaibet, Salem M. AlBalawi and Suliman Alghnam