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An increasing proportion of women are infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) during pregnancy. Intrauterine viral infections induce an increase in the levels of proinflammat...
Undernutrition accounts for nearly half of under-five child mortality in developing countries where household nutrition is largely dependent on agriculture. Despite the strong influence of agroecology on agric...
Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) are common early in life. The prevalence of FGIDs varies among countries but is unknown in Vietnam. The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of FGIDs in h...
Applied behavior analysis (ABA) is an evidence-based approach to autism spectrum disorder that has been shown in clinical trials to improve child functional status. There is substantial focus in ABA on setting...
Early Neonatal mortality (ENM) (< 7 days) remains a significant problem in low resource settings. Birth asphyxia (BA), prematurity and presumed infection contribute significantly to ENM. The study objectives w...
Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a rare disease in children and the treatment option before the allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is rarely reported. Our main objective was to rep...
Sildenafil is the drug of choice for neonatal pulmonary hypertension in developing countries where inhaled nitric oxide is not available. Available as oral and intravenous preparation – no study has been done ...
Childhood obesity has important effects on the onset and development of puberty. Although a number of studies have confirmed the relationship between obesity and precocious puberty, little is known about the p...
Preschool-aged children’s physical activity (PA) and screen time (ST) are important health-related behaviours likely influenced by PA opportunities, parental perceptions of neighbourhood safety and parenting p...
Among the histiocytic disorders, anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive histiocytosis emerged in 2008. As more and more cases of the novel entity are reported, our understanding of it is deepened. However, ...
The interpretation of the chest radiograph may vary because it depends on the reader and due to the non-specificity of findings in tuberculosis (TB). We aim to assess the reproducibility of a standardized ches...
Chronic malnutrition is highly prevalent in Sub-Saharan Africa and a severe public health problem in Ethiopia.At country level in the past three decades,the prevalence of stunting is above 40%.Different resear...
A thorough examination (especially those including visual functional evaluation) is very important in children’s eye-development during clinical practice, when they encountered with unusual excessive hyperopia...
Myocarditis refers to the inflammation of the myocardium caused by infection or autoimmune disease that may or may not present with clinical manifestations, such as gastrointestinal symptoms, dyspnea, chest pa...
The objective of the Swedish cleft lip and palate registry (CLP registry) is to promote quality control, research and improvement of treatment, by the comparison of long-term results. The aim was to compare da...
Body dissatisfaction (BD) rates are alarmingly high, especially among adolescents, thus. Having a better understanding of correlates associated with BD seems to be an important issue in this developmental cont...
Diarrhea is the second most common cause of death in under-five children. Fluid and food replacement during diarrheal episodes have a paramount effect to avert morbidity and mortality. However, there is limite...
The majority of children with COVID-19 have only minor symptoms or none at all. COVID-19, on the other hand, can cause serious illness in some children, necessitating hospitalization, intensive care, and invas...
Kidney transplantation (KT) has been established as an efficient treatment of end stage renal disease (ESRD) with the advantage of allowing the patient to live a nearly healthy life. We aimed to determine whet...
Although treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) contains neurotoxic agents, studies investigating neurocognitive outcomes in children with AML are sparse. We evaluated late cognitive effects in children tre...
Lower socioeconomic status is associated with poorer wellbeing among children. Identifying how children participate in after-school activities and how after-school activities are associated with wellbeing may ...
Severe acute malnutrition is a major problem among developing countries and it is one of the major causes of mortality and morbidity in Ethiopia. The impact is more severe among children aged 6–23 months. Seve...
A recent survey revealed that extensive off-label use of sugammadex in pediatric anesthesia deserved particular attention. The present study with trial sequential analysis (TSA) aimed to evaluate the effects o...
In the last decades, the average age for toilet training has increased in the western world. It is suggested that the postponed initiation of toilet training is a contributing factor to problems related to bow...
Congenital cytomegalovirus infection (cCMV) is the most common known viral cause of neurodevelopmental delay in children. The risk of severe cerebral abnormalities and neurological sequelae is greatest when th...
Oral feeding problems will cause long-term hospitalization of the infant and increase the cost of hospitalization. This study aimed to compare the effect of two methods of sucking on pacifier and mother's fing...
Most babies admitted to a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) require a peripheral intravenous catheter (PIVC). PIVCs are secured using splints and adhesive dressings applied to the skin. Removing the dressing...
Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is an important cause of mortality and morbidity. Effective indicators for the early diagnosis of brain injury after HIE and prognosis are lacking. This study aim...
Obesity and hypertension represent serious health issues affecting the pediatric population with increasing prevalence. Hypovitaminosis D has been suggested to be associated with arterial hypertension. Seroton...
Bladder and bowel dysfunction (BBD) is a common disorder in children that is often associated with psychosocial and behavioral problems. Data specific to BBD in Asian children are comparatively scarce. Accordi...
Anti-α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPAR) encephalitis is a rare autoimmune synaptic encephalitis associated with autoantibodies that cause a selective decrease in surface expr...
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is diagnosed increasingly in children and adolescents. We aimed to investigate the prevalence and related influencing factors of NAFLD in school-aged children and adol...
Early developmental impairment (EDI) is common and has many aetiologies and, therefore, potential investigations. There are several published guidelines recommending aetiological investigations, and paediatric...
Glycogen storage disease type III (GSD III) is a rare autosomal recessive glycogenolysis disorder due to AGL gene variants, characterized by hepatomegaly, fasting hypoglycemia, hyperlipidemia, elevated hepatic tr...
Latent change score models are often used to study change over time in observational data. However, latent change score models may be susceptible to regression to the mean. Earlier observational studies have i...
During the past three decades, growth charts have become one of the principal tools for monitoring anthropometric development in individuals and populations as well. Growth references by the CDC and other coun...
Admission hypothermia (AH, < 36.5℃) remains a major challenge for global neonatal survival, especially in developing countries. Baseline research shows nearly 89.3% of very low birth weight (VLBW, < 1500 g) in...
Birth asphyxia is the inability of a newborn to start and conserve breathing immediately after birth. Globally, 2.5 million infants die within their first month of life every year, contributing nearly 47% of a...
As admissions to paediatric intensive care units (PICU) rise and mortality rates decline, the focus is shifting from survival to quality of survivorship. There is paucity of internationally accepted guidelines...
Globally, hypertension is one of the main threats to public health and a significant risk factor predisposing individuals to various cardiovascular conditions. Hypertension in the young is particularly complex...
The present study aimed to assess the gait capacity of youths with Charcot Marie Tooth disease (CMT), considering the different foot postures as a grouping variable.
Despite immense benefits of physical activity on health and developmental outcomes, few children achieve recommended daily levels of physical activity. Given more than half of families with children own a dog,...
Puberty is a period of intense changes in human body and, additionally, participation in sports is viewed as prominent form of physical activity among male adolescent athletes. The current study was aimed to e...
In recent decades, a global increase in the prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity has been observed in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes.
Poor diets, characterized by excess fat, sugar and sodium intakes, are considered to be one of the most important modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Diet patterns and intakes during adolescenc...
Sepsis is among the leading causes of critical illness worldwide. It includes physiologic, pathologic, and biochemical abnormalities, induced by infection. Novel methods for recognizing a dysregulated inflamma...
Acid base and blood gas measurements provide essential information, especially in critically ill neonates. After birth, rapidly changing physiology and difficulty to obtain blood samples represent unique chall...
Pathogenic mutations in the PHKG2 are associated with a very rare disease—glycogen storage disease IXc (GSD-IXc)—and are characterized by severe liver disease.
Ethiopia witnessed an unprecedented decline in under-5 and neonatal mortalities since 2000. But, neonatal mortality still accounts for the largest proportion of under-five child mortality. Quality of service a...
In South Sudan, sleeping sickness is a frequent condition caused by human African trypanosomiasis. There are two stages that are well-known. When the CNS is affected, especially with Trypanosoma gambiense infe...
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