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Elemental lead (Pb) toxicity in children, irreversibly affects their growth and development. We assessed the prevalence of high blood Pb levels (BLL) in children living in a potentially high risk residential a...
National Persian school-aged twin registry was established to provide a platform for twin studies. In this report, we describe defining registry characteristics, database design, and preliminary results regard...
Proboscis lateralis (PL) is an uncommon congenital facial deformity marked by the protrusion of a primitive tubular structure made up of skin and soft tissue that generally emerges from the eye's medial canthu...
The early diagnosis and treatment of bacterial meningitis (BM) in young infants was very critical. But, it was difficult to make a definite diagnosis in the early stage due to nonspecific clinical symptoms. Ou...
Neonatal pyogenic tenosynovitis is a highly emergent soft tissue infection. We report a case of a neonate with pyogenic tendinopathy and tendon rupture diagnosed by ultrasonography (US). He subsequently develo...
With prevalence up to 4%, Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) is one of the leading causes of neonatal deaths. VSD is a common complex genetic disorder that has been associated with many genetic determinants. Vari...
Childhood obesity has been regarded as one of the main healthcare challenges in the last century, leading to critical health problems and reduced life expectancy. Many factors can play a role in its developmen...
This study compared sleep duration, screen exposure and sleep quality in school-aged children before COVID-19 to that during school closures and again when schools re-opened in fall 2020.
Sturge Weber syndrome (SWS), can cause extensive capillary malformations on the face, head, trunk, and other parts of the body, and the eyes can also suffer optic nerve injury. Secondary glaucoma can cause bli...
The Correction to this article has been published in BMC Pediatrics 2023 23:536
To evaluate the accuracy of intraoperative hepatic subcapsular spider-like telangiectasia (HSST) sign for differentiating biliary atresia (BA) from other causes of hepatic cholestasis.
The 5-year survival rate of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is 85–90%, with a 10–15% rate of treatment failure. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) identified recurrent mutated genes in ALL that ...
Feeding practices in the first two years of life have a direct impact on nutritional status and adiposity. The purpose of this study was to identify the differences in feeding practices during the first two ye...
Physical activity intervention and watching natural environment videos have been proven to improve young children’s attention levels. However, evidence comparing the improvement effects of different combinatio...
Escherichia coli serogroup O25b-sequence type 131 (E. coli O25-B2-ST131) is considered as multidrug-resistant and hypervirulent organism. There is lack of data about involvement of this pathogen in the children’s...
Venipuncture is a routine nursing procedure in the pediatric ward for blood collection and transfusion. However, this procedure can cause severe pain and distress if not adequately managed.
The behavior of anthropometrics and the relationship with genetic factors through a long-term perspective should be better explored. This study aims to verify the odds of maintaining the nutritional status cla...
The recombination-activating gene 1 (RAG1) protein is essential for the V (variable)-D (diversity)-J (joining) recombination process. Mutations in RAG1 have been reported to be associated with several types of im...
This study aimed to compare training load parameters, delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS), and fatigue status between season periods (1st and 2nd halves) in U14 soccer players and to analyze the relationships be...
Osteomyelitis in children may produce severe sequelae. However, the frequency and distribution of such complications by type of osteomyelitis (chronic or acute) is not well described.
Tic disorders (TD) are complex neuropsychiatric disorders frequently associated with a variety of comorbid problems, whose negative effects may exceed those of the tics themselves. In this study, we aimed to e...
Vitamin D is one of the most important fat-soluble vitamins necessary for normal growth and development of the human body. According to a study done in Kabul shows that economic, racial, and social concerns ar...
In randomized clinical trials, therapeutic hypothermia (TH) has been shown to reduce death and/or moderate-to-severe disability in neonates with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) in high-income countries, ...
(1) To translate to Arabic a validated pediatric sleep questionnaire, (2) To assess the validity and reliability of the translated questionnaire, and (3) To assess the prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing...
There is growing evidence of nervous system involvement and related complaints in children with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, it seems that attempts to track of the virus in the nervous system ...
The Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has created unprecedented acute global health challenges. However, it also presents a set of unquantified and poorly understood risks in the medium to long term, spe...
Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is the most common type of brain injury in newborns, especially in newborns with Neonatal acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). IVH can cause brain parenchyma damage and...
Rectal atresia is a rare subtype of anorectal malformations in which the patients are born with a normal anal canal but have complete atresia located few centimeters proximal to the dentate line. We present th...
Practitioner’s knowledge and parental perspectives on dental general anaesthesia (GA) have been surveyed separately in the past. But in daily routine both need to collaborate for the benefit of the child. The ...
Previous studies have indicated a need for increased psychosocial focus on children and their families to improve children’s wellbeing and mental health. Child developmental assessments could be a place to imp...
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a rare, but serious disease among children. However, PH has been primarily evaluated among adults. Consequently, treatment therapies have not been fully evaluated among pediatric...
Nursing experts regularly visited the community to deliver safety education on the prevention of unintentional injuries in children to the parents of children aged 0–6 years and to pregnant women in a maternit...
COVID-19 disproportionately affects families of low socioeconomic status and may worsen health disparities that existed prior to the pandemic. Asthma is a common chronic disease in children exacerbated by envi...
Identifying determinants of birthweight among disadvantaged communities is critical to further reducing the inequitable burden of perinatal health issues in low-and-middle income settings. Therefore, we adopte...
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a common chronic systemic disease that threatens the health of children worldwide. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is the most severe acute complication of diabetes and can lead ...
Osmotic release oral system methylphenidate (OROS-MPH) is one of the most commonly used medication for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), however, real-world knowledge on OROS-MPH dose titration ...
For the first time, we aimed to determine the epidemiology and associated factors of obesity and hypertension among children of military families in our region.
Early extubation success (ES) in preterm infants may reduce various mechanical ventilation-associated complications; however, extubation failure (EF) can cause adverse short- and long-term outcomes. Therefore,...
Anti-influenza treatment is important for children and is recommended in many countries. This study assessed safety, clinical, and virologic outcomes of baloxavir marboxil (baloxavir) treatment in children bas...
There are evidence gaps in the management of pediatric cough, particularly for acute pediatric cough. This study had two aims: to identify therapeutic principles and unmet needs in the treatment of cough in pe...
An increasing number of studies are evaluating the safety of intravenous sedation compared with that of general anesthesia; however, data on bleeding complications after pediatric percutaneous renal biopsy per...
Few studies have estimated the real prevalence of neurodevelopmental disorders according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5) in Spain and worldwide. However, there...
Sudden Unexpected Infant Deaths (SUID) can occur between 1 month and 1 year of age and are inequitably distributed with a greater burden in populations with numerous health disparities. Modifying the infant sl...
Parent reported mental health can be assessed by the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Currently, Norwegian norms for parent-reported SDQ do not exist, whereas Swedish, Danish, and United Kingdom...
This study aimed to evaluate the implementation of the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of the HIV-PMTCT program in Kermanshah, west of Iran, from 2014 to 2021.
Childhood tuberculosis continues to be a major public health problem. Although the visibility of the epidemic in this population group has increased, further research is needed.
Esophageal atresia (EA) is a rare malformation with a wide range of co-morbidity and associated malformations impairing weight gain and growth. The aim of this study was to calculate specific percentiles for b...
Sub-Saharan African countries are a high-burden region of neonatal mortality and showed slow progress in its reduction. In developing countries, as long as the current trend of mortality persists, achieving a ...
The purpose of this study was to investigate the typing of adenovirus (AdV) infection in children hospitalized with acute respiratory tract infection (ARTI) and its clinical characteristics.
Gentamicin and amikacin are aminoglycoside antibiotics which are renally excreted and known to be nephrotoxic. Estimate of glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) per body surface area is lower in neonates than in a...
Hereditary spherocytosis (HS) is one of the most common hereditary haemolytic disorders. Here, two unrelated families with the probands displaying typical manifestations of HS were enrolled. Our study aimed to...
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