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Childhood vaccinations are a vital preventive measure to reduce disease incidence and deaths among children. As a result, immunisation coverage against measles was a key indicator for monitoring the fourth Mil...
Fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19), fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) and Klotho are regulators of energy homeostasis. However, in the pediatric population, the relationships between obesity, metabolic diso...
Rapid weight gain (RWG) has been recognized as an important determinant of childhood obesity. This study aims to explore the RWG distribution among children at six-month intervals from birth to two years old a...
The fundamental treatment for patients with pediatric malignant mediastinal tumors is chemotherapy. Therefore, accurate diagnosis is essential for selecting the appropriate chemotherapeutic regimen. However, m...
Psychological and behavioral correlates are considered important in the development and persistence of obesity in both adults and youth. This study aimed to identify such features in youth with severe obesity ...
Pediatric burn injuries are a major cause of death and injury, occurring mainly in resource poor environments. Recovery from burns is widely reported to be constrained by physical, psychological, relationship ...
Secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare hyperinflammatory syndrome that requires prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment. A risk-stratification model that could be used to identify high-.....
Bainbridge–Ropers syndrome (BRPS) is a recently described developmental disorder caused by de novo truncating mutations in the Additional sex combs-like 3 (ASXL3) gene. Only four cases have been reported in Ch...
Poor compliance to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) can result in the poor quality of life in children living with Human immunodeficiency virus/Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) because...
Viral respiratory infections (VRIs) are a frequent cause of hospitalization in children under 24 months of age. A history of prematurity or heart disease may be a risk factor for complications in patients hosp...
Histoplasmosis is a rare infectious condition with mainly pulmonary involvement. Disseminated histoplasmosis may occur in immunocompromised condition. It can present in different ways but jaundice and ascites ...
Immunization is the process by which a person is made immune or resistant to an infectious disease, typically by the administration of vaccine. Vaccination coverage for other single vaccines ranged from 49.1% ...
Subclinical hypothyroidism (SH) is defined as serum levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) above the upper limit with normal concentrations of free T4 (fT4). Its management remains challenging. The aim of...
Despite its increasing clinical significance and diagnostic challenges, little is known about functional abdominal pain disorders (FAPDs) in Central-Eastern Europe. In this paper, the prevalence and potential ...
Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a common disorder in infants. The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the Tübingen hip flexion splints in treating DDH in infants aged 0–6 mon...
Existing literature shows that there is an inverse association between socioeconomic position and screen time among adolescents. What is less known is the mechanism behind these differences. The study aimed to...
Caring for adolescents living with HIV/AIDS (ALHIV) can be overwhelming due to their unique needs. Ghana is currently among nine countries in West and Central Africa contributing to 90% of new paediatric infec...
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal disorder in women of reproductive age. It seems that over the recent years, PCOS has augmented in adolescent girls due to unhealthy food habits and obesity. So, t...
This study aims to explore the diagnostic accuracy of the combination of gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and liver stiffness measurement (LSM) for biliary atresia (BA) screening at different ages.
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is a leading cause of neurodevelopmental disorders. Children in foster care or domestically adopted are at greater risk for FASD. The aim of this study was to determine t...
Pancreaticopleural fistula (PPF) is a very rare and critical complication of pancreatitis in children. The majority of publications relevant to PPF are case reports. No pooled analyses of PPF cases are availab...
This study investigated risk factors associated with food allergy or food intolerance among school children in two Swedish towns.
Congenital malformations are described in about 3% of live births and 20% of stillbirths in the industrialized countries.
A great number of studies have concentrated on the influence of socioeconomic status with health outcomes, but little on how socioeconomic status affects social relationship in adolescents’ families, peers and...
Epilepsy is the most common chronic neurological disease seen in Pediatrics Neurology Units in many developing countries. It affects negatively on school attendance and academic performance. This study tries t...
Despite the reduction of neonatal morbidity and mortality, is one of the third Sustainable Development Goal to end the death of children, the burden of the problem still the major challenge in Ethiopia. Global...
Plastic bronchitis is an uncommon but severe respiratory disease characterized by formation of casts in tracheobronchial tree. It can lead to airway obstruction and even respiratory failure.
The aim of this study was to evaluate anastomotic complications after primary one-staged esophageal atresia (EA) repair relating to the patients` gestational age (GA).
The study aimed to investigate if the behaviours suggestive of ADHD were more frequent in a population of children attending the Emergency Department (ED) for injuries, rather than for other causes.
The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of radiation therapy on survival in a historical cohort of 56 pediatric patients with head and neck rhabdomyosarcoma.
This study explored whether temperamentally inhibited children who experience early trauma are vulnerable to developing internalizing problems in the face of later life-stressors.
Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and moderate to severe intellectual disability (ID) face many challenges. There is little evidence-based research into educational settings for children with ID and...
Concerns have recently been raised about reported incidents of intestinal obstruction following ingestion of Superabsorbent polymer (SAP) beads. Texas Poison Centers reported 110 cases of superabsorbent polyme...
This study aimed to describe the causative organisms of neonatal late-onset sepsis (LOS) and their antimicrobial resistance in Suzhou, Southeast China over a 7-year period.
Kangaroo mother care (KMC) is an evidence-based and cost-effective intervention that could prevent severe complications for preterm babies, however it has not been widely adopted in China. In this study, we ai...
The objectives of present study were to examine the level of disagreement between self-reported and objective measurement of sensitization to common inhalant allergens, and to explore the potential risk factor...
Cortisol is often used as a biological marker for stress. When measured in urine or serum, representing a short-term measurement of the hormone, it has been associated with unfavorable sleep characteristics an...
Sri Lanka has a high prevalence of β-thalassaemia major. Clinical management is complex and long-term and includes regular blood transfusion and iron chelation therapy. The economic burden of β-thalassaemia fo...
Celiac disease (CD) is an immune mediated inflammatory enteropathy, triggered by gluten exposure in HLA-DQ2 and/or –DQ8 genetics. The presentation of celiac disease in children is changing, with increase in no...
Early distinguishing biliary atresia from other causes of infantile cholestasis remains a major challenge. We aimed to develop and validate a scoring system based on bile acid for identification of biliary atr...
Pneumonia is defined as an acute inflammation of the Lungs’ parenchymal structure. It is a major public health problem and the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in under-five children especially in deve...
To increase health and well-being in young children, it is important to acknowledge and promote the child’s sleep behaviour. However, there is a lack of brief, validated sleep screening instruments for childre...
The Correction to this article has been published in BMC Pediatrics 2020 20:333
The relative contribution of viruses to central nervous system (CNS) infections in young infants is not clear. For viral CNS infections, there are limited data on features that suggest HSV etiology or on predi...
This concept analysis aimed to clarify the meaning of “children with complex health conditions” and endorse a definition to inform future research, policy, and practice.
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Serum biomarkers to aid diagnosis, such as intestinal fatty acid binding protein (IFABP) and calprotectin, are actively b...
Despite consistent efforts to enhance child nutrition, poor nutritional status of children continues to be a major public health problem in Nepal. This study identified the predictors of severe acute malnutrit...
The guidelines of the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) for monitoring neonatal jaundice recommend universal postnatal screening for hyperbilirubinemia within 48 h from discharge. We observed that neonate w...
Health behaviours are shaped early in life and tend to occur in complex specific patterns. We aimed to characterise these patterns among Portuguese adolescents and their association with individual and context...
We evaluated the role of CYP3A5, ABCB1 and SXR gene polymorphisms in the occurrence of acute kidney rejection in a cohort of pediatric renal transplant recipients.
Anxiety disorders are common among children and adolescents. However, there is a paucity of up-to-date data on the prevalence and correlates of anxiety-related disorders among children and adolescents in the U...
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