Articles

Diagnostic difficulties and possibilities of NF1-like syndromes in childhood

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), which is caused by heterozygous inactivating pathogenic variants in the NF1, has poor phenotypic expressivity in the early years of life and there are numerous conditions, includin...

Authors: Eva Pinti, Krisztina Nemeth, Krisztina Staub, Anna Lengyel, Gyorgy Fekete and Iren Haltrich

Relationship between maternal vitamin D status in the first trimester of pregnancy and maternal and neonatal outcomes: a retrospective single center study

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between maternal serum vitamin D status in the first trimester of pregnancy and maternal as well as neonatal outcomes, considered the prevalence of vitamin D de...

Authors: Meng Ni, Qianqian Zhang, Jiuru Zhao, Qianwen Shen, Dongting Yao, Tao Wang and Zhiwei Liu

Prognosis and treatment of 46 Chinese pediatric cystic fibrosis patients

Since public awareness of cystic fibrosis (CF) has increased, more children have been diagnosed with CF in China. This study aimed to investigate medical and other challenges faced by pediatric CF patients in ...

Authors: Qionghua Chen, Yuelin Shen, Hui Xu, Xiaolei Tang, Haiming Yang and Shunying Zhao

Outcomes in reported penicillin allergic mothers and neonates requiring Group B streptococcal prophylaxis: a retrospective observational cohort study

Infectious morbidity and mortality in the first week of life is commonly caused by early-onset neonatal Group B streptococcus (GBS) disease. This infection is spread from GBS positive mothers to neonates by ve...

Authors: Justin Kirven, David Beddow, Love Patel, Claire Smith, Katherine S. Booker, Barite Dawud and Catherine A. St. Hill

Correction to: Study protocol: baby-OSCAR Trial: Outcome after Selective early treatment for Closure of patent ductus ARteriosus in preterm babies, a multicentre, masked, randomised placebo-controlled parallel group trial

Authors: Samir Gupta, Edmund Juszczak, Pollyanna Hardy, Nimish Subhedar, Jonathan Wyllie, Wilf Kelsall, Sunil Sinha, Sam Johnson, Tracy Roberts, Elisabeth Hutchison, Justine Pepperell, Louise Linsell, Jennifer L. Bell, Kayleigh Stanbury, Marketa Laube, Clare Edwards…

The Urinary Uric Acid / Cr ratio as a marker of morbidity and mortality of preterm infants: a case—control study

Perinatal asphyxia is one of the main causes of preterm infant mortality. Some studies have shown that The Urinary Uric Acid / Cr (UUA/Cr) ratio may be used as an additional marker for perinatal asphyxia.This ...

Authors: Mansour Sadeghzadeh, Parisa Khoshnevisasl, Ramezan Fallah, Asghar Marzban and Seyyedeh Maryam Mirrajei

Sleep disorders in a sample of Lebanese children: the role of parental mental health and child nutrition and activity

Sleep habits are an important component of a child’s health and it is affected by parent–child relationship. Also, child’s diet and nutrition appear to be an important factor affecting sleep health. Few studie...

Authors: Elsa Sfeir, Chadia Haddad, Marwan Akel, Souheil Hallit and Sahar Obeid

Growth and tolerance of healthy, term infants fed lower protein extensively hydrolyzed or amino acid-based formula: double-blind, randomized, controlled trial

Optimal protein level in hypoallergenic infant formulas is an area of ongoing investigation. The aim was to evaluate growth of healthy term infants who received extensively hydrolyzed (EH) or amino acid (AA)-b...

Authors: Craig B. Adams, William H. Johnston, Harold Deulofeut, Joseph Leader, Robbie Rhodes, Michael Yeiser, Cheryl L. Harris, Jennifer L. Wampler, Rebecca J. Hill and Timothy Cooper

Neonatal mortality prediction with routinely collected data: a machine learning approach

Recent decreases in neonatal mortality have been slower than expected for most countries. This study aims to predict the risk of neonatal mortality using only data routinely available from birth records in the...

Authors: André F. M. Batista, Carmen S. G. Diniz, Eliana A. Bonilha, Ichiro Kawachi and Alexandre D. P. Chiavegatto Filho

Effect of maternal education and encouragement on newborn care utilization: a health system intervention

The objective of this health system interventional study was to determine the effect of delivering newborn-care-oriented education and encouragement on newborn care utilization.

Authors: Ali-Asghar Kolahi, Mohsen Abbasi-Kangevari and Alireza Abadi

Sonographic evaluation of spleen size in apparently healthy children in north-west Ethiopia, 2020: time to define splenomegaly

Assessment of spleen size is an important part of the clinical skills of medical students and physicians. Many diseases can affect the size of the aforementioned organ, ranging from infective processes to mali...

Authors: Binalfew Tsehay, Dessalegn Shitie, Abebe Afenigus and Mustofa Essa

Programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) protects liver damage by suppressing IFN-γ expression in T cells in infants and neonatal mice

Biliary atresia (BA) is a severe cholangiopathy possibly resulting from virus-induced and immune-mediated injury of the biliary system. IFN-γ, secreted from CD4⁺ Th1 cells and CD8⁺ cytotoxic T cells, is a major m...

Authors: Xuangjie Guo, Yiping Xu, Wei Luo, Rongli Fang, Li Cai, Ping Wang, Yuxia Zhang, Zhe Wen and Yanhui Xu

Assessing the impact of an educational intervention program based on the theory of planned behavior on the nutritional behaviors of adolescents and young adults with PCOS in Iran: a field trial study

Polycystic ovary syndrome is the most common endocrine disorder among adolescents and adults. Given the importance of healthy nutritional behaviors in management of this disease, the present study was conducte...

Authors: Leila Hajivandi, Mahnaz Noroozi, Firoozeh Mostafavi and Maryam Ekramzadeh

Treatment outcomes among children younger than five years living with HIV in rural Zambia, 2008–2018: a cohort study

HIV testing and treatment guidelines for children in sub-Saharan Africa have evolved over time, such that children are now treated at younger ages. The objective of this study was to describe the treatment exp...

Authors: Jessica L. Schue, Janneke H. van Dijk, Francis Hamangaba, Mutinta Hamahuwa, Nkumbula Moyo, Philip E. Thuma, William J. Moss and Catherine G. Sutcliffe

Interaction between antibiotic use and MS4A2 gene polymorphism on childhood eczema: a prospective birth cohort study

Eczema is usually the first allergic manifestation to appear in life attributed to gene–environment interactions. IL13, IL4, MS4A2 and ILR4A are four key inflammatory genes associated with atopy. This study aimed...

Authors: Li Hua, Qian Chen, Quan-Hua Liu, Yi-Feng Guo, Ru-Hong Cheng, Jun Zhang, Jian-Hua Zhang, Li-Wei Wang and Ruo-Xu Ji

Parents’ and carers’ impression of “quality” within a Paediatric Emergency Department

Quality improvement systems are needed to overcome the ‘Quality Gap’ – difference between evidence-based guidelines and the care delivered. While there are a large array of potential quality assurance measures...

Authors: Brendan Lacey, Adam West and Simon Craig

End-organ saturations correlate with aortic blood flow estimates by echocardiography in the extremely premature newborn – an observational cohort study

Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) measures of cerebral saturation (Csat) and renal saturation (Rsat) in extreme premature newborns may be affected by systemic blood flow fluctuations. Despite increasing clinic...

Authors: Gabriel Altit, Shazia Bhombal and Valerie Y. Chock

Risk factors for and protective factors against breastfeeding interruption before 2 years: a birth cohort study

Little is known about the factors associated with the World Health Organization (WHO) recommendation of breastfeeding for at least 2 years. The objective of this study was to identify risk factors for and prot...

Authors: Graciete Oliveira Vieira, Tatiana de Oliveira Vieira, Camilla da Cruz Martins, Michelle de Santana Xavier Ramos and Elsa Regina Justo Giugliani

Speech in a consecutive series of children born with cleft lip and palate with and without syndromes and/or additional malformations

When evaluating speech in children with cleft palate with or without cleft lip (CP/L), children with known syndromes and/or additional malformations (CP/L+) are usually excluded. The aim of this study was to p...

Authors: Kristina Klintö, Maria Sporre and Magnus Becker

Effects of a novel mobile health intervention compared to a multi-component behaviour changing program on body mass index, physical capacities and stress parameters in adolescents with obesity: a randomized controlled trial

Less than 2% of overweight children and adolescents in Switzerland can participate in multi-component behaviour changing interventions (BCI), due to costs and lack of time. Stress often hinders positive health...

Authors: A. Stasinaki, D. Büchter, C.-H. I. Shih, K. Heldt, S. Güsewell, B. Brogle, N. Farpour-Lambert, T. Kowatsch and D. l’Allemand

Determinants of neonatal mortality among newborns admitted in neonatal intensive care unit at Dilla University Referral Hospital in Gedeo Zone, Southern, Ethiopia: unmatched case control study

Around two and half million neonatal mortality occurred in 2017, especially in developing countries. This study was conducted to determine the determinants of neonatal mortality among newborns admitted in the ...

Authors: Atnafu Adem, Azmach Dache and Aregahegn Dona

Predictors of mortality among newborns admitted with perinatal asphyxia at public hospitals in Ethiopia: a prospective cohort study

Perinatal asphyxia is a complicated newborn health problem and applies a high contribution to the increased proportion of newborn mortality. It occurs in newborns due to altered breathing or inadequate inhalat...

Authors: Samuel Dessu, Zinabu Dawit, Abebe Timerga and Muluken Bafa

Optimizing parenteral nutrition to achieve an adequate weight gain according to the current guidelines in preterm infants with birth weight less than 1500 g: a prospective observational study

European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism released the guidelines on pediatric parenteral nutrition in 2018. We aimed to compare the parenteral nutrition (PN) regimen with the current guidelines, ...

Authors: Nan Wang, Lianlian Cui, Zhen Liu, Yan Wang, Yuhua Zhang, Changsong Shi and Yanbo Cheng

Determination of neonatal case-specific fatality rates in a tertiary health institution in North Central Nigeria

The current neonatal mortality rate in Nigeria (37/1000) is among the highest in the world and the major causes have consistently been reported as sepsis, perinatal asphyxia and prematurity. However, case-spec...

Authors: L. I. Audu, A. T. Otuneye, A. B. Mairami, M. Mukhtar-Yola and L. J. Mshelia

Non-invasive duo positive airway pressure ventilation versus nasal continuous positive airway pressure in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome: a randomized controlled trial

The most common cause of respiratory failure in premature infants is respiratory distress syndrome. Historically, respiratory distress syndrome has been treated by intratracheal surfactant injection followed b...

Authors: Arash Malakian, Mohammad Reza Aramesh, Mina Agahin and Masoud Dehdashtian

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia in extremely premature infant with congenital lobar emphysema: a case report

Congenital lobar emphysema (CLE) is a congenital pulmonary cystic disease, characterized by overinflation of the pulmonary lobe and compression of the surrounding areas. Most patients with symptoms need an urg...

Authors: Bingchun Lin, Huitao Li and Chuanzhong Yang

Vitamin A deficiency and sleep disturbances related to autism symptoms in children with autism spectrum disorder: a cross-sectional study

Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) and sleep disturbances have been reported in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The influence of vitamin A (VA) levels on sleep regulation and sleep disturbances in ASD ha...

Authors: Jing Wen, Ting Yang, Jiang Zhu, Min Guo, Xi Lai, Ting Tang, Li Chen, Jie Chen, Ming Xue and Tingyu Li

Factors affecting the growth of children till the age of three years with overweight whose mothers have diabetes mellitus: A population-based cohort study

The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) during pregnancy and childhood obesity is increasing worldwide. Factors affecting the growth of children with overweight whose mothers had DM are complicated and inconc...

Authors: Yuan-Der Huang, Yun-Ru Luo, Meng-Chih Lee and Chih-Jung Yeh

Two novel mutations in TCIRG1 induced infantile malignant osteopetrosis: a case report

Infantile malignant osteopetrosis (IMO) is a rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by a higher bone density in bone marrow caused by the dysfunction of bone resorption. Clinically, IMO can be diagnose...

Authors: Ping Wu, Zhe Cai, Wen-Hui Jiang, Gen Lu, Pei-Qiong Wu, Zhi-Wei Xie, Jun-Zheng Peng, Chen Chen, Jun-Ye Qi, Li-Zhen Xu, Kun-Ling Shen, Hua-Song Zeng and Gen-Quan Yin

Health services use by children identified as heterozygous hemoglobinopathy mutation carriers via newborn screening

Newborn screening (NBS) for sickle cell disease incidentally identifies heterozygous carriers of hemoglobinopathy mutations. In Ontario, Canada, these carrier results are not routinely disclosed, presenting an...

Authors: Sara D. Khangura, Beth K. Potter, Christine Davies, Robin Ducharme, A. Brianne Bota, Steven Hawken, Kumanan Wilson, Maria D. Karaceper, Robert J. Klaassen, Julian Little, Ewurabena Simpson and Pranesh Chakraborty

BCL-xL is correlated with disease severity in neonatal infants with early sepsis

Sepsis is the most common cause of morbidity and mortality in neonatal infants. It is essential to find an accurate and sensitive biomarker to confirm and treat neonatal sepsis in order to decrease the rate of...

Authors: Wu Wenshen, Peng Qi, Huang Tianli, Liao Jinfeng and Li Ning

Comparison of a pediatric practice-based therapy and an interdisciplinary ambulatory treatment in social pediatric centers for migraine in children: a nation-wide randomized-controlled trial in Germany: “moma – modules on migraine activity”

Migraine is common in childhood, peaks in adolescents and persists into adulthood in at least 40% of patients. There is need for early interventions to improve the burden of disease and, if possible, reduce ch...

Authors: Mirjam N. Landgraf, Florian Heinen, Lucia Gerstl, Christine Kainz, Ruth Ruscheweyh, Andreas Straube, Joerg Scheidt, Sabine von Mutius, Viola Obermeier and Ruediger von Kries

Report of two siblings with spondylodysplastic Ehlers-Danlos syndrome and B4GALT7 deficiency

The spondylodysplastic Ehlers-Danlos subtype (OMIM #130070) is a rare connective tissue disorder characterized by a combination of connective tissue symptoms, skeletal features and short stature. It is caused by ...

Authors: Delia Lorenz, Wolfram Kress, Ann-Kathrin Zaum, Christian P. Speer and Helge Hebestreit

MR-Proadrenomedullin as biomarker of renal damage in urinary tract infection in children

Midregional-proadrenomedullin (MR-proADM) is a useful prognostic peptide in severe infectious pathologies in the adult population. However, there are no studies that analyze its utility in febrile urinary trac...

Authors: Rafael Peñalver Penedo, Marta Rupérez Lucas, Luis Antonio Álvarez-Sala Walther, Alicia Torregrosa Benavent, María Luisa Casas Losada, Luis Bañuelos Andrio, Ana Belén Rebolledo Poves and Mercedes Bueno Campaña

Identification of a novel heterozygous SPTB mutation by whole genome sequencing in a Chinese patient with hereditary spherocytosis and atrial septal defect: a case report

Hereditary spherocytosis (HS) is a common inherited red blood cell membrane disorder characterized by an abnormal increase of spherocytes in peripheral blood. SPTB gene mutation is one of the most common causes o...

Authors: Zhanhui Du, Gang Luo, Kuiliang Wang, Zhen Bing and Silin Pan

Prevalence of acute diarrhea and associated factors among children under five in semi-urban areas of northeastern Ethiopia

Diarrheal disease is still one of the most common causes of mortality and morbidity in children under five in developing countries, including Ethiopia. Lack of specific data on the prevalence of acute diarrhea...

Authors: Tarikuwa Natnael, Mistir Lingerew and Metadel Adane

The role of early-onset-sepsis in the neurodevelopment of very low birth weight infants

The study investigated a putative association between early-onset-sepsis (EOS) and poor neurodevelopmental outcomes at 2 years corrected age in very low birth weight infants.

Authors: Tjark Ortgies, Michael Rullmann, Dorothée Ziegelhöfer, Annett Bläser and Ulrich H. Thome

Anxiety among Lebanese adolescents: scale validation and correlates

The Lebanese population has undergone several conflicts and were the most afflicted by shelling and chaos during the civil war from 1975 to 1990, or even by displacement, bereavement, emigration, family separa...

Authors: Georges Merhy, Vanessa Azzi, Pascale Salameh, Sahar Obeid and Souheil Hallit

Risk of Mycoplasma pneumoniae-related hepatitis in MP pneumonia pediatric patients: a predictive model construction and assessment

A predictive model for risk of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP)-related hepatitis in MP pneumonia pediatric patients can improve treatment selection and therapeutic effect. However, currently, no predictive model is av...

Authors: Yuna Bi, Yan Ma, Jinhua Zhuo, Lili Zhang, Liyan Yin, Hongling Sheng, Jie Luan and Tao Li

Patent ductus arteriosus, systemic NT-proBNP concentrations and development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in very preterm infants: retrospective data analysis from a randomized controlled trial

Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a common complication in very preterm infants. It is known that there is an association between PDA and development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) or death before the pos...

Authors: Solomiia Potsiurko, Dmytro Dobryanskyy and Lesya Sekretar

Patterns of risk exposure in first 1,000 days of life and health, behavior, and education-related problems at age 4.5: evidence from Growing Up in New Zealand, a longitudinal cohort study

Children who are high priority candidates for early intervention need to be identified to reduce their risk for experiencing problems in development. Those exposed to multiple risk factors are more likely to e...

Authors: Jan L. Wallander, Sarah Berry, Polly Atatoa Carr, Elizabeth R. Peterson, Karen E. Waldie, Emma Marks, Stephanie D’Souza and Susan M. B. Morton

Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of respiratory viruses in 4403 pediatric patients from multiple hospitals in Guangdong, China

Acute respiratory infections (ARI) cause considerable morbidity and mortality worldwide, especially in children. Unfortunately, there are limited multi-center data on common viral respiratory infections in sou...

Authors: Yajie Zhang, Lin Qiao, Jinxiu Yao, Nan Yu, Xiaoping Mu, Shengqi Huang, Bo Hu, Weixuan Li, Feng Qiu, Fangyin Zeng, Cong Chen, Yuqiu Zhou, Bashan Zhang, Tian Cai, Weijia Wang, Xianjin Wu…

Accuracy of pre-operative fistula diagnostics in anorectal malformations

Surgical safety during posterior sagittal anorectal plasty (PSARP) for anorectal malformations (ARM) depends on accurate pre-operative fistula localization. This study aimed to evaluate accuracy of pre-operati...

Authors: Louise Tofft, Martin Salö, Einar Arnbjörnsson and Pernilla Stenström

Implications of ACMG guidelines to identify high-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients with hereditary cancer susceptibility syndromes (HCSS) in a highly consanguineous population

Hereditary cancer susceptibility syndrome (HCSS) contributes to the cancer predisposition at an early age, therefore, identification of HCSS has found to be crucial for surveillance, managing therapeutic inter...

Authors: Sara Aslam, Shabana and Mehboob Ahmed

Reintubation rates after extubation to different non-invasive ventilation modes in preterm infants

Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) is a common cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality in premature newborns. In this study, we aim to compare the reintubation rate in preterm babies with RDS who were extub...

Authors: Alaa Masry, Nuha A. M. A. Nimeri, Olfa Koobar, Samer Hammoudeh, Prem Chandra, Einas E. Elmalik, Amr M. Khalil, Nasir Mohammed, Nazla A. M. Mahmoud, Lisa J. Langtree and Mohammad A. A. Bayoumi

Prediction of arrhythmia after intervention in children with atrial septal defect based on random forest

Using random forest to predict arrhythmia after intervention in children with atrial septal defect.

Authors: Hongxiao Sun, Yuhai Liu, Bo Song, Xiaowen Cui, Gang Luo and Silin Pan

Hydrocele in a case of atypical Kawasaki disease: case report and review of diagnostic criteria

Kawasaki Disease (KD) is a self-limiting vasculitis of unknown etiology. Although there are well-recognized clinical features associated with classic KD, there have been increasing numbers of atypical clinical...

Authors: Y. R. L. Tan, C.-T. C. Chow, I. Ganesan and H. M. E. Leow

Parental risk factors for congenital diaphragmatic hernia – a large German case-control study

Evidence for periconceptional or prenatal environmental risk factors for the development of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is still scarce. Here, in a case-control study we investigated potential enviro...

Authors: Felicitas Schulz, Ekkehart Jenetzky, Nadine Zwink, Charlotte Bendixen, Florian Kipfmueller, Neysan Rafat, Andreas Heydweiller, Lucas Wessel, Heiko Reutter, Andreas Mueller and Thomas Schaible

Utilizing single-cell RNA sequencing for analyzing the characteristics of PBMC in patients with Kawasaki disease

Kawasaki disease (KD) is the main cause of acquired heart disease in children and can lead to coronary artery lesions. This present study was designed to analyze the characteristics of KD peripheral blood mono...

Authors: Xue Fan, Yuhan Zhou, Xin Guo and Mingguo Xu

Age related gene DST represents an independent prognostic factor for MYCN non-amplified neuroblastoma

MYCN amplification and age are two critical prognostic factors of pediatric neuroblastoma. Previously, we had revealed the prognosis of MYCN target genes. However, the prognostic effects of age related genes i...

Authors: Haiwei Wang, Xinrui Wang, Liangpu Xu, Ji Zhang and Hua Cao