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  1. To confirm the accuracy of transcutaneous bilirubin (TcB) in the neonatal intensive care unit both with and without phototherapy, and compare forehead and sternum as the TcB assessment site.

    Authors: Jaesung Jeon, Gina Lim, Ki Won Oh, Na Mi Lee, Hye Won Park and Mi Lim Chung

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2020 20:548

    Content type: Research article

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  2. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a developmental impairment characterized by persistent deficits in social communication and interactions, and over half of children with ASD possess below average intellectual...

    Authors: Yen Na Yum, Way Kwok-Wai Lau, Kean Poon and Fuk Chuen Ho

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2020 20:545

    Content type: Study protocol

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  3. Maternal iodine requirements increase during pregnancy to supply thyroid hormones essential for fetal brain development. Maternal iodine deficiency can lead to hypothyroxinemia, a reduced fetal supply of thyro...

    Authors: Kirsten Jade Cromie, Diane Erin Threapleton, Charles Jonathan Peter Snart, Elizabeth Taylor, Dan Mason, Barry Wright, Brian Kelly, Stephen Reid, Rafaq Azad, Claire Keeble, Amanda H. Waterman, Sarah Meadows, Amanda McKillion, Nisreen A. Alwan, Janet Elizabeth Cade, Nigel A. B. Simpson…

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2020 20:544

    Content type: Research article

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  4. To evaluate the efficacy of oral clonazepam versus oral lorazepam following initial parenteral benzodiazepine administration to control methamphetamine-induced agitation in children.

    Authors: Fariba Farnaghi, Razieh Rahmani, Hossein Hassanian-Moghaddam, Nasim Zamani, Rebecca McDonald, Narges Gholami and Latif Gachkar

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2020 20:543

    Content type: Research article

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  5. Living at high latitudes is one of the risk factors for vitamin D deficiency in children. However, evidence on vitamin D improvement for this pediatric population to date is limited. This study aims at evaluat...

    Authors: Xuguang Zhang, Yanping Chen, Shanshan Jin, Xinxin Bi, Dongkai Chen, Dongmei Zhang, Li Liu, Hong Jing and Lixin Na

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2020 20:542

    Content type: Research article

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  6. Kangaroo mother care (KMC) is an effective intervention for preterm and low birth weight infants. Effective implementation of KMC relies on a multidisciplinary team centering on the newborn’s caregiver, who de...

    Authors: Alinane Linda Nyondo-Mipando, Mai-Lei Woo Kinshella, Sangwani Salimu, Brandina Chiwaya, Felix Chikoti, Lusungu Chirambo, Ephrida Mwaungulu, Mwai Banda, Laura Newberry, Jenala Njirammadzi, Tamanda Hiwa, Marianne Vidler, Queen Dube, Elizabeth Molyneux, Joseph Mfutso-Bengo, David M. Goldfarb…

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2020 20:541

    Content type: Research article

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  7. X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA, OMIM#300,300), caused by mutations in the Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) gene, is a rare monogenic inheritable immunodeficiency disorder. Ecthyma gangrenosum is a cutaneous lesion ...

    Authors: Haixia Huang, Ke Bai, Yueqiang Fu, Jin Yan and Jing Li

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2020 20:540

    Content type: Case report

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  8. Cardiovascular anomalies are the largest group of congenital anomalies and the major cause of death in young children, with various data linking rising atrial septal defect incidence (ASDI) with prenatal canna...

    Authors: Albert Stuart Reece and Gary Kenneth Hulse

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2020 20:539

    Content type: Research article

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  9. Early childhood is an age at risk of anaemia and its deleterious consequences. In Sudan, there is limited evidence on the prevalence and determinant of anaemia in under-five children. This study was conducted ...

    Authors: Khalid Abdelmutalab Elmardi, Ishag Adam, Elfatih Mohamed Malik, Abdalla Ahmed Ibrahim, Asma Hashim Elhassan, Hmooda Toto Kafy, Lubna Mohammed Nawai, Mujahid Sheikhedin Abdin and Stef Kremers

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2020 20:538

    Content type: Research article

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  10. Galectin-3 is a new biomarker, which plays an important role in tissue inflammation, cardiac remodeling, and fibrosis. It can be readily measured in the circulation to detect early heart failure (HF). This stu...

    Authors: Nagwan Saleh, Ahmed Khattab, Mohamed Rizk, Sherif Salem and Hany Abo-Haded

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2020 20:537

    Content type: Research article

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  11. Hemiscrotal agenesis (HSA) is an exceedingly rare congenital anomaly in scrotal development. It is characterized by unilateral absence of scrotal skin with intact midline raphe. In the English literature, only...

    Authors: Mohamed Mansy, Mostafa Kotb, Yasmine Abdelmeguid, Shaymaa Raafat and Marwa Abdelaziz

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2020 20:536

    Content type: Case report

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  12. Parents of infants in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) are often unintentionally marginalized in pursuit of optimal clinical care. Family Integrated Care (FICare) was developed to support families as part...

    Authors: Karen M. Benzies, Khalid Aziz, Vibhuti Shah, Peter Faris, Wanrudee Isaranuwatchai, Jeanne Scotland, Jill Larocque, Kelly J. Mrklas, Christopher Naugler, H. Thomas Stelfox, Radha Chari, Amuchou Singh Soraisham, Albert Richard Akierman, Ernest Phillipos, Harish Amin, Jeffrey S. Hoch…

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2020 20:535

    Content type: Research article

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  13. This study assessed health workers’ adherence to neonatal health protocols before and during the implementation of a mobile health (mHealth) clinical decision-making support system (mCDMSS) that sought to brid...

    Authors: Hannah Brown Amoakoh, Kerstin Klipstein-Grobusch, Irene Akua Agyepong, Mary Amoakoh-Coleman, Gbenga A. Kayode, J. B. Reitsma, Diederick E. Grobbee and Evelyn K. Ansah

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2020 20:534

    Content type: Research article

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  14. Gestational weight gain has been associated with some adverse perinatal outcomes, but few studies have examined the association between gestational weight gain and offspring’s cognition and their conclusions a...

    Authors: Jose Alberto Martínez-Hortelano, Celia Álvarez-Bueno, Iván Cavero-Redondo, Ángel Herráiz-Adillo, Carlos Berlanga-Macías and Vicente Martínez-Vizcaíno

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2020 20:533

    Content type: Research article

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  15. The initialization of the neonatal gut microbiota (GM) is affected by diverse factors and is associated with infant development and health outcomes.

    Authors: Cheng Guo, Qian Zhou, Muxia Li, Letian Zhou, Lei Xu, Ying Zhang, Dongfang Li, Ye Wang, Wenkui Dai, Shuaicheng Li and Lin Zhang

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2020 20:532

    Content type: Research article

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  16. Early-onset sepsis (EOS) is a potentially life-threatening complication of birth. Clinical symptoms are often unspecific and biomarkers have low predictive values for EOS. Therefore, clinical suspicion often l...

    Authors: Johan Gyllensvärd, Fredrik Ingemansson, Elisabet Hentz, Marie Studahl and Anders Elfvin

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2020 20:531

    Content type: Research article

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  17. Parafunctional oral habits are known to cause deleterious effects on maxillofacial structures. One such effect is traumatic injuries secondary to chewing inanimate objects like pencils. Following trauma, the l...

    Authors: Anka Sharma, Vikrant O. Kasat, Amit R. Parate, Anirudh Upmanyu and Jaishri S. Pagare

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2020 20:530

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  18. As part of efforts to develop and implement a short course educational program on pediatric pain management, the current study sought to understand the culture and contextual factors that influence children’s ...

    Authors: Abigail Kusi Amponsah, Evans Oduro, Victoria Bam, Joana Kyei-Dompim, Collins Kwadwo Ahoto and Anna Axelin

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2020 20:529

    Content type: Research article

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  20. The aim of this paper was to investigate whether BMI and fat percentage classification criteria, would classify a sample of 7–13 year old boys from a rural background in similar nutritional categories.

    Authors: Maya van Gent, Anita Pienaar and Habib Noorbhai

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2020 20:527

    Content type: Research article

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  21. We describe the safety and efficacy of performing pediatric kidney transplantation with a modified extraperitoneal approach that includes mobilization of the native liver and kidney.

    Authors: Mahmoud Alameddine, Joshua S. Jue, Mahmoud Morsi, Javier Gonzalez, Marissa Defreitas, Jayanthi J. Chandar, Jeffrey J. Gaynor and Gaetano Ciancio

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2020 20:526

    Content type: Research article

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  22. This report summarizes the clinical characteristics of intractable anemia as part of the clinical presentation of Hirschsprung’s disease (HD) and aims to strengthen clinicians’ ability to recognize early signs...

    Authors: Xiaoang Sun, Jun Chu, Chenchen Li and Zhaohui Deng

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2020 20:525

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  23. Children and adolescents are becoming the most prolific users of smart technology (ST) devices due to the numerous advantages presented by these devices. However, the overuse of ST devices can have detrimental...

    Authors: Ali Jasem Buabbas, Madawi Anwar Al-Mass, Basma Awad Al-Tawari and Mohammad Abbas Buabbas

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2020 20:524

    Content type: Research article

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  25. Human milk has potential protective effects against bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). However, studies on the association between the dose of human milk and BPD in China are limited. This study aimed to evalua...

    Authors: Yan Xu, Zhangbin Yu, Qianqian Li, Jinjun Zhou, Xiaoguang Yin, Yuelan Ma, Yujie Yin, Shanyu Jiang, Rongping Zhu, Yue Wu, Liangrong Han, Yan Gao, Mei Xue, Yu Qiao, Lingling Zhu, Wenjuan Tu…

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2020 20:522

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  26. In Uganda, childhood anemia remains a health challenge and is associated with malaria infection as well as iron deficiency. Iron deficiency is intertwined with nutritional status, age and other comorbidities i...

    Authors: Ambrose Mukisa, Denis Kasozi, Claire Aguttu, Peter C. Vuzi and Joseph Kyambadde

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2020 20:521

    Content type: Research article

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  27. Both bullying victimization and perpetration were associated with depression, social phobia, physical and psychological child abuse and Internet addiction in Lebanon. The prevalence of bullying in Lebanon is a...

    Authors: Diana Malaeb, Emmanuelle Awad, Chadia Haddad, Pascale Salameh, Hala Sacre, Marwan Akel, Michel Soufia, Rabih Hallit, Sahar Obeid and Souheil Hallit

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2020 20:520

    Content type: Research article

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  28. Childhood apraxia of speech (CAS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with heterogeneous communication and other comorbid manifestations. While previous studies have characterized speech deficits associated with ...

    Authors: Catherine M. Stein, Penelope Benchek, Gabrielle Miller, Noémi B. Hall, Dhanya Menon, Lisa Freebairn, Jessica Tag, Jennell Vick, H. Gerry Taylor, Barbara A. Lewis and Sudha K. Iyengar

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2020 20:519

    Content type: Research article

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  29. Neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis caused by citrin deficiency (CD) is a rare inborn error of metabolism due to variants in the SLC25A13 gene encoding the calcium-binding protein citrin. Citrin is an aspartate-glu...

    Authors: S. C. Grünert, A. Schumann, P. Freisinger, S. Rosenbaum-Fabian, M. Schmidts, A. J. Mueller, S. Beck-Wödl, T. B. Haack, H. Schneider, H. Fuchs, U. Teufel, G. Gramer, L. Hannibal and U. Spiekerkoetter

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2020 20:518

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  30. Intraventricular hemorrhage during the early stage is a major complication in very low birth weight infants. Elevation of venous pressure is one of the contributing factors. The internal cerebral vein receives...

    Authors: Kenichi Tanaka, Rieko Sakamoto, Hiroko Imamura, Tetsuo Naramura, Shirou Matsumoto, Masanori Iwai, Hiroshi Mitsubuchi and Kimitoshi Nakamura

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2020 20:517

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  31. Benign convulsions with mild gastroenteritis (BCWG) is a common condition in children in Asia and is generally not associated with pH or electrolyte imbalances. When BCWG is diagnosed, a lumbar puncture is usu...

    Authors: Xiao-sheng Hao, Jian-min Liang, Xue-mei Wu, Yun-peng Hao, Jiang-tao Wang and Song-yan Liu

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2020 20:516

    Content type: Research article

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  32. To study mean core to peripheral temperature difference (CPTD) and the mean lactate levels over the first 6 h of admission to hospital, as indicators of prognosis in critically ill children.

    Authors: Aashish Gupta, Jacob Puliyel, Bhawana Garg and Pramod Upadhyay

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2020 20:515

    Content type: Research article

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  33. Adults often have difficulty instilling eye drops in their own eyes, but little has been documented about the difficulties experienced by parents when administering eye drops to their young children, where the...

    Authors: Gloria C. Law, Alpaslan Bülbül, Christina J. Jones and Helen Smith

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2020 20:514

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  34. Although symptoms and signs of COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease 2019) in children are milder than adults, there are reports of more severe cases which were defined as pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome (...

    Authors: Leila Shahbaznejad, Mohammad Reza Navaeifar, Ali Abbaskhanian, Fatemeh Hosseinzadeh, Golnar Rahimzadeh and Mohammad Sadegh Rezai

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2020 20:513

    Content type: Research article

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  35. Knowledge of the prevailing infant care practices and their effects is important to inform practice and public programs. Infant massage is a traditional practice in India but remains less studied. This study w...

    Authors: Sarika Chaturvedi, Bharat Randive, Ashish Pathak, Sharad Agarkhedkar, Girish Tillu, Gary L. Darmstadt and Bhushan Patwardhan

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2020 20:512

    Content type: Research article

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  36. Reports suggest that Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) countries have not reduced leukemia mortality compared to high-income countries. However, updated trends remain largely unknown in the region. Given that...

    Authors: J. Smith Torres-Roman, Bryan Valcarcel, Pedro Guerra-Canchari, Camila Alves Dos Santos, Isabelle Ribeiro Barbosa, Carlo La Vecchia, Katherine A. McGlynn and Dyego Leandro Bezerra de Souza

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2020 20:511

    Content type: Research article

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  37. To develop and evaluate machine learning algorithms to ascertain attention-deficit/hyperactivity (ADHD) and learning disability (LD) using diagnostic codes in the medical record.

    Authors: Yu Shi, Phillip J. Schulte, Andrew C. Hanson, Michael J. Zaccariello, Danqing Hu, Sheri Crow, Randall P. Flick and David O. Warner

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2020 20:510

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  38. Attaining the recommended level of complementary feeding practices remains a serious challenge in many developing countries. Complementary foods are usually untimely initiated, which has adverse consequences o...

    Authors: Chalachew Abiyu and Tefera Belachew

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2020 20:509

    Content type: Research article

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  39. Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most common cause of physical disability in early childhood. Vibration therapy (VT) is a promising rehabilitation approach for children with CP with potential to impact mobility, bon...

    Authors: Alena Adaikina, Paul L. Hofman and Silmara Gusso

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2020 20:508

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  40. Rapid weight gain (RWG) during infancy increases the risk of excess weight later in life. Nutrition- and feeding practices associated with RWG need to be further examined. The present study aimed to examine nu...

    Authors: Annelie Lindholm, Stefan Bergman, Bernt Alm, Ann Bremander, Jovanna Dahlgren, Josefine Roswall, Carin Staland-Nyman and Gerd Almquist-Tangen

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2020 20:507

    Content type: Research article

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  41. Intellectual Disability (ID) is characterized by significant limitations that affect intellectual functioning, adaptive behavior, and practical skills which directly interfere with interpersonal relationships ...

    Authors: Luan Freitas Oliveira, Tiago Fernando Chaves, Nathacha Baretto, Gisele Rozone de Luca, Ingrid Tremel Barbato, Jorge Humberto Barbato Filho, Maristela Ocampos and Angelica Francesca Maris

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2020 20:506

    Content type: Research article

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  42. A child’s home and family environment plays a vital role in neuro-cognitive and emotional development. Assessment of a child’s home environment and social circumstances is an crucial part of holistic Paediatri...

    Authors: DJ Foley, JK Hannon, CS O’Gorman and AM Murphy

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2020 20:505

    Content type: Research article

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  43. Pediatric patients with genetic disorders have a higher incidence of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) regardless of their heart defects. Filamin A (FLNA) mutation is recently recognized to be associated with...

    Authors: Xiaoxian Deng, Shanshan Li, Qiu Qiu, Bowen Jin, Menghuan Yan, Yuanpin Hu, Yang Wu, Hongmei Zhou, Gangcheng Zhang and Xuan Zheng

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2020 20:504

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  44. We sought to identify perceptions of neurorehabilitation challenges for paediatric cerebral malaria (CM) survivors post-hospital discharge at Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital (QECH) in Blantyre, Malawi.

    Authors: Alexandra Boubour, Sebastian Mboma, Tracy Võ, Gretchen L. Birbeck, Karl B. Seydel, Macpherson Mallewa, Dorothy Chinguo, Melissa Gladstone, Suraya Mohamed and Kiran T. Thakur

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2020 20:503

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  45. The concentration of under-5 child morbidity and mortality due to pneumonia in developing countries reflects the social inequities. This study aimed to map and assess the spatial risk for hospitalization due t...

    Authors: Juliana Coelho Pina, Luana Seles Alves, Luiz Henrique Arroyo, Ricardo Alexandre Arcêncio, Ellen Cristina Gondim, Maria Cândida de Carvalho Furtado and Débora Falleiros de Mello

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2020 20:502

    Content type: Research article

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  46. The long-term prognosis of Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) depends on the severity of renal involvement, and crescent formation is considered an important risk factor for poor prognosis of Henoch-Schönlein purp...

    Authors: Yong-Rui Song, Wan-Liang Guo, Mao Sheng, Qiang Lin, Xue-Ming Zhu and Xiao-Zhong Li

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2020 20:501

    Content type: Research article

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  48. Preoperative diagnosis of total colonic aganglionosis is important for the rational choice of treatment. The present study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of radiographic signs on preoperative bar...

    Authors: Jiayu Yan, Jihang Sun, Rongchang Wu, Sarah Siyin Tan, Yongwei Chen, Yun Peng and Yajun Chen

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2020 20:499

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  49. Stunting affects up to one-third of the children in low-to-middle income countries (LMICs) and has been correlated with decline in cognitive capacity and vaccine immunogenicity. Early identification of infants...

    Authors: Elizabeth Harrison, Sana Syed, Lubaina Ehsan, Najeeha T. Iqbal, Kamran Sadiq, Fayyaz Umrani, Sheraz Ahmed, Najeeb Rahman, Sadaf Jakhro, Jennie Z. Ma, Molly Hughes and S. Asad Ali

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2020 20:498

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  50. Training volume is associated with direct and indirect pathways of bone adaptations. In addition, training volume is a training variable associated with lean soft tissue (LST), which has been shown to be an im...

    Authors: Pedro Henrique Narciso, André Oliveira Werneck, Rafael Luiz-de-Marco, Yuri da Silva Ventura Faustino-da-Silva, Santiago Maillane-Vanegas, Ricardo Ribeiro Agostinete and Rômulo Araújo Fernandes

    Citation: BMC Pediatrics 2020 20:496

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

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