Table 5 Adjusted and unadjusted regression models for U1, U10, and J1 examination use

Age

0.97

0.92–1.03

0.98

0.93–1.04

1.01

0.99–1.05

1.03

1.00–1.07

1.34

1.26–1.42

1.36

1.25–1.48

Gender

female

1

1

1

1

1

1

male

1.25

0.77–2.07

1.45

0.80–2.64

1.15

1.00–1.32

1.12

0.96–1.31

1.09

0.90–1.34

0.97

0.76–1.24

SES score

low

1

1

1

1

1

1

medium

7.32

4.13–13.01

2.92

1.60–5.35

1.39

1.13–1.72

1.13

0.89–1.45

1.39

1.10–1.77

1.34

0.96–1.88

high

10.37

5.11–21.04

2.39

1.06–5.39

1.08

0.87–1.35

0.87

0.66–1.13

1.13

0.85–1.50

1.06

0.71–1.57

Migration background

none

1

1

1

1

1

1

one-sided

1.07

3.26

1.39

0.35–5.59

1.13

0.88–1.48

1.15

0.86–1.53

0.91

0.68–1.22

1.02

0.72–1.44

two-sided

0.01

0.01–0.03

0.02

0.01–0.04

0.69

0.53–0.89

0.83

0.63–1.08

0.76

0.57–1.03

1.05

0.73–1.52

Area of residence

east

1

1

1

1

1

1

west

0.53

0.27–1.04

0.92

0.35–2.41

0.96

0.80–1.16

0.97

0.79–1.19

0.85

0.67–1.08

0.84

0.63–1.12

Household size

0.70

0.58–0.84

1.02

0.80–1.29

0.88

0.80–0.96

0.90

0.83–0.99

0.97

0.88–1.07

1.01

0.89–1.15

Parents’ marital status

single

1

1

1

1

1

1

married

0.35

0.13–0.95

0.35

0.07–1.82

1.09

0.82–1.45

1.19

0.85–1.67

1.29

0.88–1.89

1.32

0.80–2.16

Parents’ smoking status

none

1

1

1

1

1

1

one parent

1.03

0.53–2.01

1.31

0.64–2.67

1.12

0.92–1.36

1.07

0.86–1.33

1.00

1.00–1.01

0.98

0.75–1.28

both parents

1.81

0.68–4.82

2.25

0.78–6.50

1.05

0.84–1.30

1.01

0.80–1.26

1.00

1.00–1.01

1.01

0.71–1.45

Physical activity: active days per week

–

–

–

–

1.03

0.99–1.08

1.06

1.01–1.11

1.00

0.99–1.01

1.01

0.91–1.12

Fast-food consumption

–

–

–

–

0.96

0.92–1.01

0.98

0.93–1.04

1.00

1.00–1.01

0.97

0.88–1.06

Family cohesion

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

0.99

0.79–1.24

1.00

1.00–1.01

Personal resources

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

0.93

0.70–1.23

1.01

1.00–1.02

Self-efficacy

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

0.97

0.92–1.02

0.99

0.98–1.01

Social support

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

0.98

0.93–1.02

1.01

1.00–1.01

Ever consumed alcohol

no

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

1

1

yes

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

1.98

1.67–2.34

1.34

0.62–2.90

Ever smoked

no

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

1

1

yes

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

1.34

0.89–2.02

1.03

0.54–1.99