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Table 2 Renal function parameters before and after administration of ifosfamide and acute changes during chemotherapy cycles

From: Renal toxicity of ifosfamide in children with cancer: an exploratory study integrating aldehyde dehydrogenase enzymatic activity data and a wide-array urinary metabolomics approach

 

Pre-chemotherapy

24 h-post-chemotherapy

Acute change* (%)

n

Median (min-max)

n

Median (min-max)

Median (min-max)

Glomerular parameters

eGFR (ml/min/1.73m2)

89

126 (54–171)

81

136 (81–206)

8 (-25-66)

Plasma creatinine (µmol/L)

89

45 (29–113)

81

42 (28–75)

-7.3 (-39.7-33.3)

Plasma cystatin C (mg/L)

68

0.7 (0.5–1.1)

61

0.8 (0.3–1.1)

5.5 (-23.0-34.8)

Urine albumin/creatinine (mg/mmol)

90

1.2 (0.1–8.4)

89

0.1 (0.1–18.3)

0.0 (-99.4-15008.7)

Tubular parameters

Plasma sodium (mmol/l)

89

139 (134–145)

81

137 (132–143)

-1.4 (-6.3-1.5)

Plasma potassium (mmol/l)

89

3.8 (3.1–4.7)

81

3.7 (2.9–6.9)

-2.4 (-38.3-76.9)

Plasma bicarbonate (mmol/l)

89

25.5 (18.1–30.3)

81

24.5 (19.4–30.3)

-2.7 (-27.7-28.2)

Plasma protein (mg/l)

89

70 (60–83)

81

69 (60–82)

0.0 (-13.3-13.0)

Plasma calcium (mmol/l)

89

2.3 (2.1–2.6)

81

2.3 (2.0-2.6)

0.4 (-9.2-12.6)

Plasma magnesium (mmol/l)

89

0.8 (0.6-1.0)

81

0.8 (0.6–1.1)

1.3 (-19.2-21.3)

Plasma phosphate (mmol/l)

89

1.4 (0.8–1.7)

81

1.1 (0.7–1.5)

-13.7 (-48.3-32.3)

Fractional excretion of phosphate (%)

89

9.5 (3.6–19.1)

81

18.8 (8.3–37.0)

120.9 (-20.7-351.3)

Tmp/GFR (mmol/l)

89

1.2 (0.6–1.6)

81

0.9 (0.4–1.3)

-22.5 (-62.7-18.1)

Plasma uric acid (µmol/L)

89

184 (105–410)

81

136 (72–287)

-27.7 (-56.1-4.5)

Fractional excretion of uric acid (%)

89

8.6 (2.7–19.0)

81

24.8 (9.3–41.7)

193.0 (12.7-513.8)

Fractional excretion of glucose (%)

89

0.1 (0.0-0.4)

86

0.1 (0.0–23.0)

75.4 (-87.1-229843.1)

Urine calcium/creatinine (mmol/mmol)

90

0.5 (0.1–1.9)

88

0.9 (0.1–2.1)

70.3 (-56.4-858.2)

Urine β2-microglobulin/creatinine (mg/mol)

90

6.0 (4.6-115.3)

89

417.2 (6.0-2743.8)

4704.8 (-74.6-45630.7)

Urine glycine/creatinine

63

0.2 (0.0-2.1)

61

0.9 (0.0-4.6)

293.1 (-74.5-3225.6)

Urine betaine/creatinine

62

0.0 (0.0-0.5)

62

0.3 (0.0-1.1)

802.7 (-59.3-5991.0)

  1. *Relative change between pre-chemotherapy (i.e., value before ifosfamide infusion) and 24 h after completion of chemotherapy cycle
  2. eGFR, Estimated glomerular filtration rate (Schwartz 2009); TmP/GFR, Renal tubular maximum reabsorption rate of phosphate