Table 3 Sensitivity analysis and publication bias test

Septicemia

3.91 (3.37, 4.55)

4.26 (3.41, 5.32)

2.52

0.019

Blood transfusion

2.41 (1.97, 2.95)

2.79 (2.04, 3.83)

2.56

0.027

Neonatal asphyxia

2.46 (2.07, 2.93)

2.81 (2.16, 3.67)

0.33

0.750

Pneumonia

6.17 (3.98, 9.57)

6.17 (3.98, 9.57)

-2.04

0.111

Infection occurs

5.99 (2.57, 9.74)

6.71 (2.14, 21.00)

-

-

Oral probiotics

0.70 (0.64, 0.77)

0.36 (0.25, 0.53)

-4.07

0.001

Breastfeeding

0.49 (0.45, 0.55)

0.31 (0.16, 0.62)

-0.74

0.477

Congenital heart disease

4.80 (3.00, 7.68)

4.80 (2.99, 7.70)

0.04

0.974

Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy

2.71 (1.92, 3.82)

2.71 (1.92, 3.82)

6.05

0.026

Mechanical ventilation

1.44 (1.22, 1.71)

1.44 (1.22, 1.71)

16.57

0.004

Gestational diabetes

3.08 (1.73, 5.48)

3.08 (1.73, 5.48)

-

-

Respiratory distress syndrome

3.28 (2.23, 4.85)

3.28 (2.23, 4.85)

0.60

0.611

Prenatal application of glucocorticoids

0.38 (0.24, 0.60)

0.35 (0.20, 0.63)

-2.10

0.126

Hypoalbuminemia

2.80 (1.78, 4.41)

2.80 (1.78, 4.41)

-

-

Patent ductus arteriosus

3.10 (1.93, 4.98)

3.10 (1.93, 4.98)

1.4

0.394

respiratory failure

6.48 (2.92, 14.41)

7.51 (1.60, 35.10)

-

-

Severe anemia

2.86 (2.06, 3.99)

2.86 (2.06, 3.99)

2.07

0.175

History of antibiotic use

2.07 (1.57, 2.72)

2.12 (1.18, 3.81)

-

-

Meconium-stained amniotic fluid

3.14 (1.64, 6.01)

3.14 (1.64, 6.01)

-

-