Table 1 Characteristics of included studies
Author, Date, Country | Design | Age of Children | Vitamin D Status Definition (Case Group) | Outcome | Results | NOS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bener et al., 2009, Qatar [14] | CS | 0–15 years old | Deficiency (< 20 ng/mL) | Presence of gastroenteritis | Case 92/315 (29.2%) Control 27/143 (18.89%) | 7 |
Binks et al., 2014, Australia [15] | CC | < 3 years old | Insufficiency (< 30 ng/mL) | Hospitalised with gastroenteritis | Case 12/24 (50%) Control 8/50 (16%) | 7 |
Bucak et al., 2016, Turkey [16] | PS | < 48 months old | Deficiency (< 20 ng/mL) | Rotaviral diarrhea | Case 59/63 (93.65%) Control 11/74 (14.86%) | 8 |
Chowdhury et al., 2017, India [17] | CS | 6–30 months old | Deficiency (< 10 ng/mL) | Prevalence of diarrhea | Case 17/331 (5.14%) Control 32/629 (5.09%) | 8 |
Hassam et al., 2019, Tanzania [11] | CC | < 5 years old | Deficiency (< 20 ng/mL) | Prevalence of diarrhea | Case 20/35 (57.14%) Control 27/59 (45.76%) | 8 |
Mahyar et al., 2019, Iran [10] | CS | 2 months – 12 years old | Deficiency (< 20 ng/mL) | Acute bacterial diarrhea | Case 30/53 (56.6%) Control 30/67 (44.78%) | 8 |
Talachian et al., 2015, Iran [12] | CS | 6 months – 15 years old | Deficiency (< 20 ng/mL) | Acute infectious diarrhea | Case 9/9 (100%) Control 16/41 (39.02%) | 8 |
Abed et al., 2014, Egypt [18] | CS | 4–12 years old | Deficiency (< 20 ng/mL) | Duration and recurrence of diarrhea | See Table 2 | 8 |
Ahmed et al., 2016, Australia [19] | CC | 6–24 months old | Deficiency (< 20 ng/mL) | Number of diarrhea episode | See Table 2 | 9 |
Basaran et al., 2022, Turkey [20] | RS | 6 months – 6 years old | Deficiency (< 20 ng/mL) | Rotaviral diarrhea | See Table 2 | 8 |
Sudfeld et al., 2017, US [21] | PC | 6 weeks – 6 months old | Deficiency (< 20 ng/mL) | Mean diarrhea diagnoses/year | See Table 2 | 9 |
Thornton et al., 2013, Colombia [22] | CS | 5–12 years old | Deficiency (< 20 ng/mL) | Diarrhea rate per child-year | See Table 2 | 9 |