Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study cases
Variable | Patients (N = 200) | Patients’ subgroups | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Patients with positive tests (n = 11) | Patients with negative tests (n = 189) | p-value | ||
Age/ year (Mean ± SD) | 9.39 ± 2.72 | 8.41 ± 2.67 | 9.44 ± 2.72 | 0.222 |
Sex (N. %): | ||||
Male Female | 92(46%) 108(54%) | 3(27.27%) 8(72.73%) | 89(47.09%) 100(52.91%) | 0.200 |
Duration of type 1 diabetes/year Median (IQ range) | 3.0 (2–4) | 2.0 (1–4) | 3.0 (2–4) | 0.293 |
Age of diabetic onset/ year (Mean ± SD) | 7.78 ± 2.7 | 5.73 ± 2.66 | 7.9 ± 2.66 | 0.009** |
Age of diabetic onset (N. %) | ||||
≤ 5 years >5 years | 23(11.5%) 177(88.5%) | 4(36.4%) 7(63.6%) | 19(10.1%) 170(89.9%) | 0.029* |
Family history of type 1 diabetes | 0.473 | |||
(N. %) Yes No | 34(17%) 166 (83%) | 1(9.09%) 10 (90.9%) | 33(17.46%) 156 (82.54%) | |
Hypoglycemic attacks (N. %) | ||||
Yes No | 19(9.5%) 181 (90.5%) | 5(45.45%) 6 (54.5%) | 14(7.41%) 175 (92.6%) | < 0.001* |
Recurrent DKA (N. %) | ||||
Yes No | 30(15%) 170 (85%) | 5(45.45%) 6 (54.5%) | 25(13.23%) 164 (86.8%) | 0.004* |
Insulin dose U/kg/day (Mean ± SD) | 0.97 ± 0.16 | 1.15 ± 0.24 | 0.96 ± 0.15 | < 0.001* |
Weight Z score (Mean ± SD) | -1.29 ± 0.57 | -1.14 ± 1.36 | -1.3 ± 0.49 | 0.354 |
Height Z score (Mean ± SD) | -1.23 ± 0.53 | -1.59 ± 0.55 | -1.21 ± 0.52 | 0.018* |
BMI Z score (Mean ± SD) | -0.81 ± 0.68 | -0.89 ± 0.48 | -0.81 ± 0.69 | 0.681 |