Table 4 Utilization and quality of care among all children enrolled in Medicaid by primary care setting in the United States, 2012

Utilization, per year – mean (95% CI)

 Primary care visits

5.352

4.582

1.168

5.301

4.402

1.204

(5.346,5.357)

(4.580,4.584)

(1.167,1.169)

(5.298,5.304)

(4.400,4.403)

(1.203,1.205)

 Non-primary care outpatient visits

4.0581

5.8028

0.699

4.207

4.934

0.853

(4.0455,4.0707)

(5.7964,5.8092)

(0.697,0.702)

(4.202,4.213)

(4.928,4.940)

(0.851,0.854)

 ED visits

0.633

0.6756

0.937

0.634

0.6518

0.972

(0.632,0.635)

(0.6751,0.6762)

(0.935,0.940)

(0.633,0.635)

(0.6513,0.6523)

(0.971,0.974)

 Inpatient admissions

0.0668

0.0847

0.777

0.0659

0.0799

0.825

(0.0654, 0.0663)

(0.0845, 0.0849)

(0.772,0.782)

(0.0656, 0.0663)

(0.0797, 0.0801)

(0.821,0.830)

 Prescription claims

4.686

6.877

0.681

4.798

6.102

0.786

(4.678,4.695)

(6.873,6.881)

(0.680,0.683)

(4.794,4.802)

(6.099,6.106)

(0.785,0.787)

Utilization, per year – No. (%)

 Children with 1 + ED visits

797,624 (33.47)

6,536,406 (35.25)

0.949

(0.948,0.951)

638,131 (33.91)

624,581 (33.19)

1.022

(1.019,1.027)

 Children with 1 + inpatient admissions

109,022 (4.57)

1,063,004 (5.73)

0.7978

(0.793,0.803)

90,365 (4.80)

92,575 (4.91)

0.976

(0.967,0.985)

Quality, per year – No. (%)

 3–6 year old with well-child visit

395,919 (65.68)

2,742,950 (58.49)

1.123

(1.121,1.125)

310,621 (65.58)

270,629 (57.21)

1.146

(1.143,1.150)

 12–17 year old with well-child visit

262,994 (49.51)

1,887,449 (46.90)

1.056

(1.053,1.059)

208,982 (49.91)

194,649 (46.48)

1.074

(1.069,1.078)

 Children with ambulatory care sensitive ED visits

424,547 (17.81)

3,300,425 (17.80)

1.001

(0.998,1.004)

339,838 (18.06)

316,539 (16.82)

1.074

(1.069,1.078)

 Children with ambulatory care sensitive hospitalizations

3,853 (0.16)

33,511 (0.18)

0.895

(0.865,0.925)

3,101 (0.16)

3,353 (0.18)

0.925

(0.881,0.971)