Table 3 Characteristics of all children enrolled in Medicaid and children in fee-for-service only Medicaid in the United States in 2012, by primary care setting

Female, # (%)

1,176,939 (49.39)

9,074,068 (48.95)

274,498 (49.22)

1,701,558 (48.23)

Age category, # (%)

 0–15 months

177,486 (7.45)

1,396,598 (7.53)

38,637 (6.93)

217,796 (6.17)

 16 months-2 years

326,971 (13.72)

2,597,653 (14.01)

71,219 (12.77)

436,491 (12.37)

 3–6 years

524,278 (22.00)

4,101,463 (22.12)

117,323 (21.03)

733,656 (20.78)

 7–11 years

758,850 (31.84)

5,915,859 (31.91)

177,025 (31.73)

1,168,935 (33.11)

 12–17 years

595,685 (25.00)

4,529,170 (24.43)

153,708 (27.55)

973,143 (27.57)

Race/ethnicity, # (%)

 White

554,656 (23.27)

7,159,942 (38.62)

147,966 (26.52)

1,515,561 (42.93)

 Black

477,466 (20.03)

3,951,305 (21.31)

124,561 (22.33)

694,665 (19.68)

 American Indian or Alaska Native

32,695 (1.37)

229,922 (1.24)

18,812 (3.37)

101,815 (2.88)

 Asian

60,817 (2.55)

447,471 (2.41)

11,013 (1.97)

54,647 (1.55)

 Hispanic/Latino or Hispanic and > 1 race

971,934 (40.78)

4,986,916 (26.90)

150,455 (26.97)

659,878 (18.69)

 Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander

20,875 (0.88)

87,280 (0.47)

1,578 (0.28)

6,272 (0.18)

 Non-Hispanic and > 1 race

13,354 (0.56)

150,640 (0.81)

2475 (0.44)

20,255 (0.57)

 Unknown/Missing

251,473 (10.55)

1,527,267 (8.24)

101,052 (18.11)

476,928 (13.51)

Census region, # (%)

 Midwest

465,812 (19.55)

4,246,702 (22.90)

195,215 (34.99)

1,096,501 (31.06)

 Northeast

366,972 (15.40)

2,744,037 (14.80)

126,581 (22.69)

584,428 (16.56)

 South

499,261 (20.95)

7,865,663 (42.42)

88,218 (15.81)

1,317,225 (37.31)

 West

1,051,225 (44.11)

3,684,341 (19.87)

147,898 (26.51)

531,867 (15.10)

 Urban, # (%)

2,001,281 (84.04)

14,887,775 (80.35)

455,453 (81.73)

2,682,946 (76.06)

 Distance to nearest health center, kilometers, mean (SD)

14.92 (20.86)

22.30 (25.54)

17.03 (26.80)

26.37 (30.06)

 Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) eligible, # (%)

425,187 (17.84)

1,895,533 (10.22)

55,916 (10.02)

170,700 (4.84)

Medicaid eligibility, # (%)

 Child

2,291,934 (96.17)

17,542,569 (94.62)

530,403 (95.07)

3,224,660 (91.35)

 Disabled

88,792 (3.73)

1,051,225 (5.10)

27,287 (2.89)

302,033 (8.56)

 Demonstration projects

2,544 (0.11)

53,379 (0.29)

222 (0.04)

3,328 (0.09)

Eligible months, mean (SD)

 Total

11.41 (1.43)

11.38 (1.46)

11.43 (1.44)

11.46 (1.40)

 Fee for service

3.33 (4.81)

2.81 (4.52)

11.43 (1.44)

11.46 (1.40)

 Managed care

8.07 (4.97)

8.57 (4.67)

0 (0)

0 (0)

 Chronic Disease Payment System Rx score, mean (SD)

0.99 (1.77)

1.17 (2.32)

1.11 (2.10)

1.36 (2.93)