Table 2 Balancing table
Characteristics / Covariates used for weighting | Crude | Overlap weight method | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Health Center n = 2,379,417 | Non-Health Center n = 18,507,232 | Mean difference | Standard error of mean difference | Standardized difference | Health Center n = 2,379,417 | Non-Health Center n = 18,507,232 | Mean difference | Standard error of mean difference | Standardized difference | |
No. (%) or mean (SD) | No. (%) or mean (SD) | No. (%) or mean (SD) | No. (%) or mean (SD) | |||||||
Female, # (%) | 1,176,939 (49.39) | 9,074,068 (48.95) | 0.44 | 0.5 | 0.88 | 927,684 (49.29) | 927,684 (49.29) | 0 | 0.5 | 0 |
Age, mean (SD) | 7.86 (5.02) | 7.78 (5.00) | 0.08 | 5.01 | 1.54 | 7.8 (4.47) | 7.8 (1.6) | 0 | 3.36 | 0 |
Race/ethnicity, # (%) | ||||||||||
 White | 554,656 (23.27) | 7,159,942 (38.62) | -15.34 | 0.46 | 33.66 | 476,232 (25.30) | 476,232 (25.30) | 0 | 0.43 | 0 |
 Black | 477,466 (20.03) | 3,951,305 (21.31) | -1.28 | 0.4 | 3.15 | 385,242 (20.47) | 385,242 (20.47) | 0 | 0.4 | 0 |
 American Indian or Alaska Native | 32,695 (1.37) | 229,922 (1.24) | 0.13 | 0.11 | 1.16 | 27,004 (1.43) | 27,004 (1.43) | 0 | 0.12 | 0 |
 Asian | 60,817 (2.55) | 447,471 (2.41) | 0.14 | 0.16 | 0.89 | 49,599 (2.64) | 49,599 (2.64) | 0 | 0.16 | 0 |
 Hispanic/Latino or Hispanic and > 1 race | 971,934 (40.78) | 4,986,916 (26.90) | 13.88 | 0.47 | 29.66 | 726,751 (38.61) | 726,751 (38.61) | 0 | 0.49 | 0 |
 Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander | 20,875 (0.88) | 87,280 (0.47) | 0.41 | 0.08 | 4.96 | 15,417 (0.82) | 15,417 (0.82) | 0 | 0.09 | 0 |
 Non-Hispanic and > 1 race | 13,354 (0.56) | 150,640 (0.81) | -0.25 | 0.08 | 3.05 | 11,462 (0.61) | 11,462 (0.61) | 0 | 0.08 | 0 |
 Unknown/Missing | 251,473 (10.55) | 1,527,267 (8.24) | 2.31 | 0.29 | 7.94 | 190,418 (10.12) | 190,418 (10.12) | 0 | 0.3 | 0 |
 Urban, # (%) | 2,001,281 (84.04) | 14,887,775 (80.35) | 3.69 | 0.38 | 9.66 | 1,587,170 (84.33) | 1,587,170 (84.33) | 0 | 0.36 | 0 |
 Distance to nearest health center, kilometers, mean (SD) | 14.92 (20.86) | 22.30 (25.54) | -7.38 | 23.32 | 31.67 | 15.63 (19.46) | 15.63 (5.75) | 0 | 14.35 | 0 |
Medicaid eligibility, # (%) | ||||||||||
 Child | 2,296,298 (96.35) | 17,576,244 (94.80) | 1.55 | 0.21 | 7.56 | 1,808,518 (96.09) | 1,808,518 (96.09) | 0 | 0.19 | 0 |
 Disabled | 84,428 (3.54) | 911,120 (4.91) | -1.37 | 0.2 | 6.82 | 71,557 (3.80) | 71,557 (3.80) | 0 | 0.19 | 0 |
 Demonstration projects | 2,544 (0.11) | 53,379 (0.29) | -0.18 | 0.04 | 4.08 | 2,051 (0.11) | 2,051 (0.11) | 0 | 0.03 | 0 |
 Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) eligible, # (%) | 425,187 (17.84) | 1,895,533 (10.22) | 7.62 | 0.35 | 22.06 | 315,761 (16.78) | 315,761 (16.78) | 0 | 0.37 | 0 |
Eligible months, mean (SD) | ||||||||||
 Total | 11.40 (1.43) | 11.38 (1.46) | 0.02 | 1.44 | 1.71 | 11.41 (1.27) | 11.41 (0.46) | 0 | 0.95 | 0 |
 Managed care | 8.07 (4.97) | 8.57 (4.67) | -0.5 | 4.83 | 10.34 | 8.04 (4.43) | 8.04 (1.60) | 0 | 3.33 | 0 |
 Chronic Disease Payment System Rx score, mean (SD) | 0.99 (1.77) | 1.17 (2.32) | -0.18 | 2.07 | 8.65 | 1.02 (1.64) | 1.02 (0.55) | 0 | 1.22 | 0 |
State, # (%) | ||||||||||
AK | 5645 (0.2) | 49,445 (0.3) | -0.03 | 0.05 | 0.6 | 5032 (0.3) | 5032 (0.3) | 0 | 0.05 | 0 |
AL | 30,598 (1.3) | 369,129 (2) | -0.71 | 0.13 | 5.57 | 27,611 (1.5) | 27,611 (1.5) | 0 | 0.12 | 0 |
AR | 16 (0) | 1399 (0) | -0.01 | 0.01 | 1.07 | 16 (0) | 16 (0) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
AZ | 34,037 (1.4) | 464,327 (2.5) | -1.08 | 0.14 | 7.76 | 31,338 (1.7) | 31,338 (1.7) | 0 | 0.13 | 0 |
CA | 637,844 (26.8) | 1,831,440 (9.9) | 16.89 | 0.38 | 44.73 | 467,866 (24.9) | 467,866 (24.9) | 0 | 0.43 | 0 |
CO | 65,994 (2.8) | 178,492 (1) | 1.81 | 0.14 | 13.38 | 47,504 (2.5) | 47,504 (2.5) | 0 | 0.16 | 0 |
CT | 52,070 (2.2) | 150,110 (0.8) | 1.38 | 0.12 | 11.34 | 37,005 (2) | 37,005 (2) | 0 | 0.14 | 0 |
DC | 13,698 (0.6) | 46,143 (0.2) | 0.33 | 0.06 | 5.09 | 10,497 (0.6) | 10,497 (0.6) | 0 | 0.07 | 0 |
DE | 262 (0) | 71,155 (0.4) | -0.37 | 0.04 | 8.41 | 261 (0) | 261 (0) | 0 | 0.01 | 0 |
FL | 66,818 (2.8) | 1,106,803 (6) | -3.17 | 0.2 | 15.51 | 62,682 (3.3) | 62,682 (3.3) | 0 | 0.18 | 0 |
GA | 26,286 (1.1) | 666,914 (3.6) | -2.49 | 0.15 | 16.52 | 25,025 (1.3) | 25,025 (1.3) | 0 | 0.11 | 0 |
HI | 7203 (0.3) | 57,224 (0.3) | -0.01 | 0.06 | 0.12 | 6319 (0.3) | 6319 (0.3) | 0 | 0.06 | 0 |
IA | 19,846 (0.8) | 174,461 (0.9) | -0.11 | 0.09 | 1.15 | 17,269 (0.9) | 17,269 (0.9) | 0 | 0.1 | 0 |
ID | 9020 (0.4) | 109,775 (0.6) | -0.21 | 0.07 | 3.07 | 8245 (0.4) | 8245 (0.4) | 0 | 0.07 | 0 |
IL | 187,651 (7.9) | 845,569 (4.6) | 3.31 | 0.24 | 13.75 | 148,754 (7.9) | 148,754 (7.9) | 0 | 0.27 | 0 |
IN | 51,311 (2.2) | 415,390 (2.2) | -0.09 | 0.15 | 0.6 | 44,875 (2.4) | 44,875 (2.4) | 0 | 0.15 | 0 |
KS | 6779 (0.3) | 160,384 (0.9) | -0.58 | 0.08 | 7.69 | 6423 (0.3) | 6423 (0.3) | 0 | 0.06 | 0 |
KY | 16,181 (0.7) | 355,569 (1.9) | -1.24 | 0.11 | 10.96 | 15,333 (0.8) | 15,333 (0.8) | 0 | 0.09 | 0 |
LA | 22,713 (1) | 489,490 (2.6) | -1.69 | 0.13 | 12.73 | 21,565 (1.1) | 21,565 (1.1) | 0 | 0.11 | 0 |
MA | 34,278 (1.4) | 343,301 (1.9) | -0.41 | 0.13 | 3.25 | 30,285 (1.6) | 30,285 (1.6) | 0 | 0.13 | 0 |
MD | 50,574 (2.1) | 34,977 (0.2) | 1.93 | 0.11 | 18.17 | 19,844 (1.1) | 19,844 (1.1) | 0 | 0.1 | 0 |
ME | 17,106 (0.7) | 71,792 (0.4) | 0.33 | 0.07 | 4.46 | 13,620 (0.7) | 13,620 (0.7) | 0 | 0.08 | 0 |
MI | 57,672 (2.4) | 666,954 (3.6) | -1.18 | 0.17 | 6.9 | 52,295 (2.8) | 52,295 (2.8) | 0 | 0.16 | 0 |
MN | 1631 (0.1) | 283,322 (1.5) | -1.46 | 0.09 | 16.46 | 1614 (0.1) | 1614 (0.1) | 0 | 0.03 | 0 |
MO | 10,978 (0.5) | 366,965 (2) | -1.52 | 0.11 | 13.87 | 10,596 (0.6) | 10,596 (0.6) | 0 | 0.07 | 0 |
MS | 24,609 (1) | 254,992 (1.4) | -0.34 | 0.11 | 3.14 | 21,973 (1.2) | 21,973 (1.2) | 0 | 0.11 | 0 |
MT | 6092 (0.3) | 47,993 (0.3) | 0 | 0.05 | 0.06 | 5212 (0.3) | 5212 (0.3) | 0 | 0.05 | 0 |
NC | 16,982 (0.7) | 760,251 (4.1) | -3.39 | 0.15 | 22.24 | 16,519 (0.9) | 16,519 (0.9) | 0 | 0.09 | 0 |
ND | 1681 (0.1) | 24,016 (0.1) | -0.06 | 0.03 | 1.87 | 1524 (0.1) | 1524 (0.1) | 0 | 0.03 | 0 |
NE | 4362 (0.2) | 121,145 (0.7) | -0.47 | 0.06 | 7.29 | 4144 (0.2) | 4144 (0.2) | 0 | 0.05 | 0 |
NH | 6365 (0.3) | 65,268 (0.4) | -0.08 | 0.06 | 1.53 | 5721 (0.3) | 5721 (0.3) | 0 | 0.06 | 0 |
NJ | 14,581 (0.6) | 477,756 (2.6) | -1.96 | 0.12 | 15.74 | 14,076 (0.7) | 14,076 (0.7) | 0 | 0.09 | 0 |
NM | 17,799 (0.7) | 220,452 (1.2) | -0.44 | 0.1 | 4.52 | 16,323 (0.9) | 16,323 (0.9) | 0 | 0.09 | 0 |
NV | 2739 (0.1) | 40,595 (0.2) | -0.1 | 0.04 | 2.55 | 2498 (0.1) | 2498 (0.1) | 0 | 0.04 | 0 |
NY | 198,985 (8.3) | 1,232,610 (6.6) | 1.7 | 0.26 | 6.46 | 168,058 (8.9) | 168,058 (8.9) | 0 | 0.29 | 0 |
OH | 79,221 (3.3) | 816,489 (4.4) | -1.08 | 0.19 | 5.6 | 71,519 (3.8) | 71,519 (3.8) | 0 | 0.19 | 0 |
OK | 21,784 (0.9) | 339,853 (1.8) | -0.92 | 0.12 | 7.9 | 20,152 (1.1) | 20,152 (1.1) | 0 | 0.1 | 0 |
OR | 21,181 (0.9) | 197,398 (1.1) | -0.18 | 0.1 | 1.79 | 18,801 (1) | 18,801 (1) | 0 | 0.1 | 0 |
PA | 24,659 (1) | 320,468 (1.7) | -0.69 | 0.12 | 5.95 | 22,582 (1.2) | 22,582 (1.2) | 0 | 0.11 | 0 |
RI | 10,563 (0.4) | 42,217 (0.2) | 0.22 | 0.06 | 3.73 | 7979 (0.4) | 7979 (0.4) | 0 | 0.06 | 0 |
SC | 49,257 (2.1) | 364,546 (2) | 0.1 | 0.14 | 0.72 | 42,403 (2.3) | 42,403 (2.3) | 0 | 0.15 | 0 |
SD | 7104 (0.3) | 45,624 (0.2) | 0.05 | 0.05 | 1 | 6061 (0.3) | 6061 (0.3) | 0 | 0.06 | 0 |
TN | 15,391 (0.6) | 529,099 (2.9) | -2.21 | 0.13 | 16.9 | 14,919 (0.8) | 14,919 (0.8) | 0 | 0.09 | 0 |
TX | 125,742 (5.3) | 2,014,116 (10.9) | -5.59 | 0.27 | 20.62 | 117,713 (6.3) | 117,713 (6.3) | 0 | 0.24 | 0 |
UT | 4266 (0.2) | 127,038 (0.7) | -0.51 | 0.07 | 7.72 | 4082 (0.2) | 4082 (0.2) | 0 | 0.05 | 0 |
VA | 9195 (0.4) | 432,323 (2.3) | -1.95 | 0.12 | 16.87 | 8965 (0.5) | 8965 (0.5) | 0 | 0.07 | 0 |
VT | 8365 (0.4) | 40,515 (0.2) | 0.13 | 0.05 | 2.49 | 6742 (0.4) | 6742 (0.4) | 0 | 0.06 | 0 |
WA | 239,009 (10) | 326,852 (1.8) | 8.27 | 0.23 | 35.64 | 132,028 (7) | 132,028 (7) | 0 | 0.26 | 0 |
WI | 37,576 (1.6) | 326,383 (1.8) | -0.18 | 0.13 | 1.43 | 32,993 (1.8) | 32,993 (1.8) | 0 | 0.13 | 0 |
WV | 9155 (0.4) | 28,904 (0.2) | 0.23 | 0.05 | 4.4 | 6881 (0.4) | 6881 (0.4) | 0 | 0.06 | 0 |
WY | 396 (0) | 33,310 (0.2) | -0.16 | 0.03 | 5.21 | 386 (0) | 386 (0) | 0 | 0.01 | 0 |