Effects of a physical education intervention on children’s physical activity and fitness: the PROFIT pilot study

BMC Pediatrics

Table 2 Difference in differences analysis between experimental and comparative groups

	Experimental group	Comparative group	Total	Cohen’s d	R ²	Power
	Mean (SD)			Cohen’s d	R ²	Power
Physical fitness
Δ AME (rep.min⁻¹)	3.69 (7.95)	6.00 (6.00)	4.34 (7.47)	0.31	0.240	0.87
Δ Agility (s)	-0.69 (0.65)	-0.37 (0.95)	-0.60 (0.75)	0.43	0.396	0.99
Δ BMI (kg.m⁻²)	0.17 (1.50)	-0.53 (2.40)	-0.03 (1.80)	0.39	0.167	0.66
Δ CRF (m)	95.94 (118.32)	-17.43 (118.64)	63.55 (128.08)	0.96	0.399	0.99^a
Δ Flexibility (cm)	0.58 (4.77)	-3.43 (6.85)	-0.54 (5.66)	0.74	0.227	0.84
Δ LLP (cm)	8.78 (18.05)	1.31 (15.85)	6.80 (17.65)	0.43	0.309	0.96^a
Δ Speed (s)	-0.49 (0.74)	0.58 (0.69)	-0.19 (0.87)	1.47	0.612	0.99
Δ ULP (cm)	21.87 (31.20)	27.54 (28.72)	23.37 (30.37)	0.19	0.476	0.99^a
Physical activity levels (min.day ⁻¹ .week ⁻¹ )
Δ SB	-13.09 (65.55)	-31.99 (87.64)	-18.88 (72.60)	0.26	0.199	0.76^a
Δ LPA	151.09 (58.98)	26.07 (110.32)	112.82 (96.59)	1.60	0.555	0.99^a
Δ MPA	-6.25 (15.82)	5.59 (15.55)	-2.63 (16.52)	0.75	0.269	0.91^a
Δ VPA	-9.60 (9.81)	-1.90 (6.31)	-7.25 (9.52)	0.86	0.615	0.99^a
Δ MVPA	-15.88 (23.04)	3.72 (17.63)	-9.88 (23.21)	0.91	0.379	0.99^a

Data are expressed as mean and standard deviation (SD)
Δ denotes changes in the dependent variable (Posttest minus pretest scores)
Bold denotes the difference between experimental and comparative groups calculated using the Bootstrapping resampling procedure for the ANCOVA adjusted for sex, age, and outcome variable at pretest (p < 0.05)
AME Abdominal muscular endurance, BMI Body mass index, CRF Cardiorespiratory fitness, LLP Lower limbs power, ULP Upper limbs power, SB Sedentary behavior, LPA Light physical activity, MPA Moderate physical activity, VPA Vigorous physical activity, MVPA Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity
^aPower calculated using 49 participants

ISSN: 1471-2431