Table 2 Association of house-environmental factors with childhood ARI: Unadjusted logistic regression model
Characteristics | Case n = 174 (%) | Control n = 174 (%) | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Residence | ||||
Urban | 62 (35.63) | 94 (54.02) | Reference | |
Rural | 112 (64.37) | 80 (45.98) | 2.12 (1.38, 3.28) | 0.001* |
In-house crowding | ||||
≤ 3 | 81 (46.55) | 132 (75.86) | Reference | |
> 3 | 93 (53.45) | 42 (24.13) | 3.61 (2.29, 5.74) | < 0.001* |
Cooking fuel | ||||
Clean | 79 (45.40) | 116 (66.67) | Reference | |
Unclean | 95 (54.59) | 58 (33.33) | 2.41 (1.56, 3.73) | < 0.001* |
In-house Smoking habit by family members | ||||
No | 104 (59.77) | 122 (70.11) | Reference | |
Yes | 70 (40.23) | 52 (29.89) | 1.58 (1.02, 2.47) | 0.04* |
Source of drinking water | ||||
Tap/piped water | 76 (43.68) | 114 (65.52) | Reference | |
Tube well/surface water | 98 (56.32) | 60 (34.48) | 2.45 (1.59, 3.79) | < 0.001* |
Toilet facilities | ||||
Improved | 108 (62.07) | 156 (89.66) | Reference | |
Unimproved | 66 (37.93) | 18 (10.34) | 5.29 (3.03, 9.66) | < 0.001* |
Shared toilet | ||||
No | 120 (68.97) | 129 (74.14) | Reference | |
Yes | 53 (30.46) | 45 (25.86) | 1.27 (0.79, 2.03) | 0.324 |