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Table 3 Differences in self-healing rates of CHD based on sex, form of CHD and type of mild CARM

From: Clinical characteristics of congenital heart defects in mild congenital anorectal malformation: single-centre experience

Variable*

Self-healing at 6 months#

P value

Self-healing at 12 months#

P value

Yes (n = 97)

No (n = 49)

Yes (n = 114)

No (n = 32)

Sex

  

< 0.001

  

< 0.001

 Female

29 (42.6)

39 (57.4)

 

43 (63.2)

25 (36.8)

 

 Male

68 (87.2)

10 (12.8)

 

71 (91.0)

7 (9.0)

 

Form of CHD

  

0.558

  

0.121

 Minor

45 (70.3)

19 (29.7)

 

55 (85.9)

9 (14.1)

 

 Major

52 (63.4)

30 (36.6)

 

59 (72.0)

23 (28.0)

 

Type of CARM

  

< 0.001

  

< 0.001

 Rectoperineal fistula

85 (81.7)

19 (18.3)

 

92 (88.5)

12 (11.5)

 

 Rectovestibular fistula

12 (28.6)

30 (71.4)

 

22 (52.4)

20 (47.6)

 

Type of CARM based on sex

  

< 0.001

  

< 0.001

 Rectoperineal fistul (male)

68 (87.28)

10 (12.8)

 

71 (91.0)

7 (9.0)

 

 Rectoperineal fistula (female)ǂ

17 (65.4)

9 (34.6)

 

21 (80.8)

5 (19.2)

 

 Rectovestibular fistula (female)ǂ

12 (28.6)

30 (71.4)

 

22 (52.4)

20 (47.6)

 
  1. * Categorical data were expressed by n (%), and the chi-squared test was used for comparison
  2. ǂ Compared with group of rectoperineal fistul (male), the distribution of frequencies was statistically significant
  3. # Note: Patients who underwent cardiac surgery were considered non-self-healing; 1 case received surgery within 6 months, and 17 cases received surgery within 12 months