Heparin versus normal saline for the care of peripheral intravenous catheters in pediatrics: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Li, Ran; Zheng, Qiaoqi; Chen, Nengyue; Zhao, Li

doi:10.1186/s12887-023-04515-y

Table 1 Characteristics of RCTs

From: Heparin versus normal saline for the care of peripheral intravenous catheters in pediatrics: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

RCT	Country	Study population	Setting	PIVC size	PIVC	Interventions		Outcomes
						Experimental group	Control group
Alpan 1984	Israel	Neonate	NICU	22 G	Polyvinyl chloride	Intravenous nutrition solution + heparin 1 U ·mL^− 1	No heparin	Catheter indwelling time; complications
Beecroft 1997	USA	Neonate	NICU	22/24G	Polyvinyl chloride	NS + heparin, Q8h	NS, Q8h	Catheter indwelling time
Goldberg 1999	Canada	Neonate	NICU	24 G	Polyvinyl chloride	NS 1 mL + heparin 10 U ·mL^− 1, Q4h	NS1 mL, Q4h	Catheter indwelling time
Heilskov 1998	USA	Neonate	NICU	24 G	Polyvinyl chloride	NS 1 mL + heparin 2 U ·mL^− 1, Q6h	NS 1 mL, Q6h	Catheter indwelling time; complications
Inge 2011	Netherlands	Neonate	NICU	24 G	Polyvinyl chloride	NS 0.7 mL + heparin 10 U ·mL^− 1, Q8h	NS 0.7 mL, Q8h	Catheter indwelling time; complications
John 2015	India	Neonate	NICU	24 G	Polyurethanes	NS 1 mL + heparin 10 U ·mL^− 1	NS1 mL	Catheter indwelling time
Kleiber 1993	USA	1 ~ 18y	Department of pediatric	22 ~ 24 G	Polyvinyl chloride	NS + heparin 10 U ·mL^− 1, Q6h	NS, Q6h	Catheter indwelling time
Klenner 2003	Germany	Neonate	NICU	24 ~ 26 G	Polyvinyl chloride	Add 1 mL NS of heparin containing 0.5U mL^− 1 to every 100 mL infusion fluid	NS	Catheter indwelling time; complications
Kotter 1996	USA	Neonate	NICU	22 ~ 24 G	Polyvinyl chloride	NS + heparin 10 U ·mL^− 1, Q4h	NS, Q4h	Catheter indwelling time; complications
Krista 1999	Canada	Neonate	NICU	24 G	Polyvinyl chloride	NS 1 mL + heparin 5 U ·mL^− 1, Q6h	NS 1 mL, Q6h	Catheter indwelling time; complications
Mcmullen 1993	USA	0 ~ 18y	Department of pediatric	18 ~ 24 G	Polyvinyl chloride	NS + heparin 10 U mL^− 1	NS	Catheter indwelling time; complications
Moclair 1995	UK	Neonate	NICU	24 G	Polyvinyl chloride	Intravenous nutrition solution + heparin 0.1/ 0.25/0.5/1 U ·mL^− 1	No heparin	Catheter indwelling time; complications
Mok 2007	Hong Kong, China	1 ~ 10y	Department of pediatric	22/24 G	Polyvinyl chloride	NS 1 mL + heparin 1U·mL^− 1, q6h	NS 1 mL	Catheter indwelling time; complications
Mudge 1998	USA	0 ~ 1y	PICU/NICU	24 G	Polyvinyl chloride	NS 1mL + heparin 10U·mL^− 1	NS 1 mL	Catheter indwelling time; complications
Nelson 1998	USA	0 ~ 1y	Department of pediatric/NICU	24 G	Polyvinyl chloride	NS 1.5mL + heparin 10U·mL^− 1, q8h	NS 1.5mL	Catheter indwelling time; complications
Paisley 1997	USA	Neonate	NICU	24 G	Polyvinyl chloride	NS 0.6 mL + heparin 10 U ·mL^− 1, Q4h	NS 0.6 mL, Q4h	Catheter indwelling time; complications
Schultz 2002	USA	Neonate	NICU	24 G	Polyvinyl chloride	NS 0.5 mL + heparin 2 U ·mL^− 1, Q3h	NS 0.5 mL, Q3h	Catheter indwelling time; complications
Sun 2016	China	Neonate	NICU	22 G	Polyurethanes	NS 2 mL + heparin 5 U ·mL^− 1	NS 2 mL	Complications
Treas 1992	USA	Neonate	NICU	24 G	Polyvinyl chloride	NS + heparin 0.5 U ·mL^− 1	NS	Catheter indwelling time; complications
Tripathi 2008	India	1 ~ 12y	Department of pediatric	22/24 G	Polyvinyl chloride	NS 1 mL + heparin 100 U ·mL^− 1	NS 1 mL	Catheter indwelling time; complications
Upadhyay 2015	India	0.2 ~ 5y	Department of pediatric	22/24 G	Polyurethanes	NS 1 mL + heparin	NS 1 mL	Catheter indwelling time
White 2011	USA	Children	Department of pediatric	20/22/24 G	Polyurethanes	NS + heparin	NS	Complications

Notes: NICU, neonatal intensive care unit; PICU, pediatric intensive care unit; NS, normal solution

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ISSN: 1471-2431

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