Table 3 Comparison of previous and current EEGs
Number | Gender | Age (years) | Diagnosis | Presence of status epilepticus | Fever | Number of seizures | Form of seizure | History of neurological illness | Antiseizure medicine before EEG | Seizure frequency compared to before | Age of last EEG (year) | Outcomes of last EEG | EEG findings after infection with COVID-19 | Differences between the two EEGs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Male | 14.6 | Epilepsy | No | Yes | 1 | Generalized clinical | Epilepsy | PB, VPA and TPM | Unknown | 14.3 | Waking sleep period prefrontal, frontal, central, parietal, occipital, temporal, midline areas or widespread spikes or spines (slow), multi-spine slow, slow wave frequency (with widespread predominance and NREM period discharge index up to 50%) | Background wave slowing | Background slowing (6 Hz), while discharge reduced |
2 | Male | 10.6 | Epilepsy | No | No | 1 | Generalized clinical | Epilepsy | No | Same as before | 9.1 | Central, parietal, and middle and posterior temporal regions with frequent issuance of low spike, spine, and multi-spine waves | Frequent spikes and slow waves in the frontal, central, parietal, occipital and temporal regions or widespread spikes and slow waves during sleep (predominantly in the right central region) | Discharge range expansion |
3 | Male | 6.6 | Epilepsy | No | Yes | 2 | Generalized clinical | Epilepsy | No | Increase | 5.5 | Several posterior temporal spike waves issued during sleep period | 1. slight slowing of background waves; 2. frequent emission of (multiple) spines (slow) and slow waves in the prefrontal and frontal regions during waking and sleeping periods | Background slowing (8–9 Hz [5 years 6 months] → 6–8 Hz [6 years 7 months]) |
4 | Male | 5.5 | Epilepsy | No | Yes | 1 | Focal clinical | Epilepsy | VPA | Same as before | 4.4 | Abnormal preschool EEG: multiple emission of sharp and spike waves in the right central region during sleep | Occasional release of left frontal and central zone sharp waves during sleep | Discharge range expansion |
5 | Male | 3.3 | Epilepsy | No | No | 1 | Generalized clinical | Epilepsy | VPA and LCM | Same as before | 2.6 | Normal | Normal | None |
6 | Female | 4.6 | Febrile seizures | No | Yes | 1 | Generalized clinical | Febrile seizures | No | Same as before | 3.1 | No abnormalities were observed | 1. multiple issuances of slow and slow waves in the prefrontal, frontal, central, parietal, occipital, posterior temporal regions or widespread spikes (spines) during waking sleep (with widespread predominance); 2. positive photo paroxysm response | Increased discharges |
7 | Female | 3.7 | Febrile seizures | No | Yes | 1 | Generalized clinical | Febrile seizures | No | Same as before | 1.6 | Occasional issuance of frontal spikes with background waves of 4–6 Hz | 1. slight slowing of background waves; 2. frequent issuance of δ and θ slow waves in the occipital and posterior temporal regions during waking and sleeping periods | Background slowing (4–6 Hz [1 year 7 months] → 4–8 Hz [3 years 7 months]), predominantly θ waves |
8 | Male | 3.3 | Febrile seizures | No | Yes | 1 | Generalized clinical | Febrile seizures | No | Same as before | 1.4 | Occasional spike waves in the frontal area during sleep | Occasional release of sharp waves in the frontal, frontal midline, and central midline regions during sleep | Discharge range expansion |
9 | Male | 10.7 | Complex febrile seizures | No | Yes | 1 | Generalized clinical | Febrile seizures | No | Increase | 8.7 | No abnormalities were observed | Closed-eye sensitivity | Presence of closed-eye sensitivity |
10 | Male | 7.8 | Complex febrile seizures | No | Yes | 1 | Generalized clinical | Complex febrile seizures | LEV | Same as before | 7.4 | Normal range EEG | Normal range EEG | None |
11 | Male | 1.9 | Complex febrile seizures | Yes | Yes | 2 | Generalized clinical | Complex febrile seizures, Delayed language development | No | No prior seizures | 1.7 | No abnormalities were observed | 1. multiple δ-slow waves in the prefrontal, frontal, and frontal midline regions are seen during the waking period; 2. several sharp waves in the prefrontal and frontal regions are seen during the sleeping period | Presence of focal slow waves |