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Table 2 The results of network meta-analysis (consistency model, PIPP score)

From: Effect of non-pharmacological interventions on pain in preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit: a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Auditory intervention

2.48 (0.91, 4.10)

-0.04 (-2.03, 2.01)

0.22 (-2.33, 2.77)

-1.45 (-4.16, 1.31)

0.68 (-1.19, 2.56)

1.10 (-1.00, 3.22)

-2.48 (-4.10, -0.91)

Control

-2.51 (-3.90, -1.15)

-2.26 (-4.38, -0.10)

-3.92 (-6.15, -1.72)

-1.80 (-3.14, -0.51)

-1.38 (-2.87, 0.11)

0.04 (-2.01, 2.03)

2.51 (1.15, 3.90)

Facilitated tucking

0.25 (-2.25, 2.78)

-1.41 (-4.02, 1.23)

0.70 (-1.15, 2.50)

1.14 (-0.95, 3.10)

-0.22 (-2.77, 2.33)

2.26 (0.10, 4.38)

-0.25 (-2.78, 2.25)

Mixed intervention

-1.66 (-4.78, 1.40)

0.45 (-2.04, 2.95)

0.88 (-1.61, 3.32)

1.45 (-1.31, 4.16)

3.92 (1.72, 6.15)

1.41 (-1.23, 4.02)

1.66 (-1.40, 4.78)

OS + NNS

2.11 (-0.52, 4.72)

2.53 (-0.06, 5.25)

-0.68 (-2.56, 1.19)

1.80 (0.51, 3.14)

-0.70 (-2.50, 1.15)

-0.45 (-2.95, 2.04)

-2.11 (-4.72, 0.52)

Olfactory stimulation

0.43 (-1.55, 2.43)

-1.10 (-3.22, 1.00)

1.38 (-0.11, 2.87)

-1.14 (-3.10, 0.95)

-0.88 (-3.32, 1.61)

-2.53 (-5.25, 0.06)

-0.43 (-2.43, 1.55)

Tactile relief