Table 1 Demographic data (n = 48)

Demographic data

Age (year)

4 [1–10]

Male

30 (62.5%)

Age at tracheostomy (month)

4 [1–15]

Reason for tracheostomy

 Ventilator dependence

31 (64.6%)

 Upper airway obstruction

12 (25.0%)

 Secretion drainage

5 (10.4%)

Comorbidities

 Neurological diseases

27 (56.3%)

 Chronic lung diseases

11 (22.9%)

 Craniofacial anomalies

10 (20.8%)

 Gastroesophageal reflux diseases

12 (25.0%)

 Tracheal granulation

10 (20.8%)

Tracheostomy type

 Silicone tube

46 (95.8%)

 Silver tube

2 (4.2%)

 Un-cuffed tube

40 (83.3%)

 Cuffed tube

8 (16.7%)

Respiratory support

 Room air

26 (54.2%)

 Oxygen collar

7 (14.5%)

 Home ventilator

15 (31.3%)

Education of caregivers

 Primary school

8 (16.7%)

 High school

27 (56.2%)

 More than bachelor's degree

13 (27.1%)

Admission diagnosis

 Infected stomal granulation

5 (10.4%)

 Bacterial pneumonia

42 (87.5%)

 Bacterial tracheitis

2 (4.1%)

 Infected bronchiectasis

1 (2.0%)

Length of stay (days)

27 [7–133]

Intensive care unit admission

20 (41.6%)