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Table 1 Clinical data of Early-onset pharyngeal airway collapse in infants

From: Early-onset pharyngeal airway collapse in infants: a retrospective single-center study

No.

Age of onset

Pattern on bronchoscopy

CT findings

Other airway malformations

Preterm

SGA

Comorbidities

Age at follow up (months)

Prognosis

Outcome of PAC

1

neonate

LAC

not done

N

N

N

N

57

NND

improvement

2

neonate

LHC

not done

N

34+ 1w

Y

N

55

NND

improvement

3

neonate

APRpC and TBC

pharyngeal cavity narrowing

type1 and 3 laryngomalacia

N

N

CHARGE syndrome

18c

died due to airway obstruction

-

4

4 m

LAC

pharyngeal cavity narrowing

N

N

N

trisomy 21

103

SND

improvement

5

neonate

LAC and TBC

not done

type 1 laryngomalacia

N

Y

N

-

lost

-

6

neonate

APRpC

not done

type 1 laryngomalacia

N

N

N

-

lost

-

7

neonate

LAC

not done

N

N

N

duplication of 12p13.33-11.1

11 c

died due to severe pneumonia

-

8

neonate

LAC and LHC

not done

tracheal stenosis (mild)

36+ 2w

Y

N

39

NND

improvement

9

neonate

LHC

not done

N

N

Y

1p36 deletion

31

SND

improvement

10

1 m

LAC

pharyngeal cavity narrowing

type 1 and 3 laryngomalacia

35+ 4w

Y

suspected MD

25

SND

improvement

11

neonate

APRpC

epiglottic cyst

epiglottic cyst

N

Y

N

28

NND

improvement

12

neonate

LAC

pharyngeal cavity narrowing

N

31+ 4w

Y

PCD

14 c

died due to airway obstruction

-

13

neonate

APRpC

normal

N

N

N

N

13

NND

improvement

14

neonate

LAC

normal

type 1 laryngomalacia

N

Y

PRS

-

lost

-

15

neonate

LAC

not done

N

N

Y

PRS

27

SND

improvement

16

2 m

LAC

normal

subglottic hemangioma

N

N

N

22

NND

improvement

17

3 m

APRpC

normal

type 1 laryngomalacia, tracheomalacia (mild)

N

Y

N

14

NND

improvement

18

3 m

APRpC

normal

type 3 laryngomalacia

N

N

N

20

NND

improvement

19

neonate

LAC

not done

type 1 laryngomalacia

N

Y

MDa

16

SND

improvement

20

neonate

LAC

pharyngeal cavity narrowing, cervical hemangioma

type 1 laryngomalacia, cervical hemangioma, mild stenosis of LULB

N

N

PCD

8

NND

improvement

21

1 m

LAC

not done

N

N

N

MDb

11 c

died due to aspiration

-

22

neonate

LAC

pharyngeal cavity narrowing

type 1 laryngomalacia, tracheomalacia (mild)

N

Y

PRS

5

SND

improvement

23

neonate

LAC

not done

type 1 and 2 laryngomalacia

N

Y

PRS

5

SND

improvement

24

neonate

LAC

not done

type 1 laryngomalacia

34+ 6w

Y

N

4

SND

improvement

25

neonate

LAC and TBC

not done

N

N

unknown

suspected MD

53

SND

deterioration

26

neonate

LAC

not done

N

N

Y

PCD

16

SND

improvement

  1. a The case was caused by compound heterozygous variants of MIPEP gene. b The case was diagnosed as Gaucher’s disease which was caused by compound heterozygous variants of GBA gene: del and p.L483P. c The age at death
  2. LAC: lateral retropalatal collapse
  3. APRpC: antero-posterior retropalatal collapse
  4. LHC: lateral hypopharynx collapse
  5. TBC: tongue base collapse
  6. PCD: perinatal cerebral damage
  7. RRS: Pierre Robin sequence
  8. MD: metabolic encephalopathy
  9. NND: normal neurological development
  10. SND: survived with neurodevelopmental disorders
  11. SGA: small for gestational age
  12. LULB: left upper lobe bronchus
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BMC Pediatrics

ISSN: 1471-2431

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