Associations of prenatal maternal depressive symptoms with cord blood glucocorticoids and child hair cortisol levels in the project viva and the generation R cohorts: a prospective cohort study

Table 3 Associations of Maternal Prenatal Depressive Symptoms with Cord Blood Glucocorticoids and Child Hair Cortisol Levels^a

	n	Project Viva Analyses
	n	Unadjusted Model	Minimally Adjusted Model ^b	Fully Adjusted Model ^c
Cord blood cortisol	356	0.06 (-0.32, 0.44)	0.03 (-0.36, 0.42)	0.01 (-0.42, 0.45)
Cord blood cortisone	357	0.13 (-0.25, 0.52)	0.14 (-0.24, 0.55)	0.10 (-0.33, 0.53)
Cord blood cortisol/cortisone ratio	356	0.12 (-0.26, 0.50)	0.08 (-0.32, 0.47)	0.12 (-0.32, 0.55)
Hair cortisol at mid-childhood ^d	628	0.13 (-0.20, 0.46)	0.15 (-0.18, 0.48)	0.13 (-0.21, 0.47)
Hair cortisol at early adolescence ^d	556	0.19 (-0.16, 0.54)	0.19 (-0.15, 0.53)	0.18 (-0.16, 0.52)
Change in hair cortisol from mid-childhood to early adolescence ^d	447	0.16 (-0.21, 0.54)	0.16 (-0.21, 0.53)	0.17 (-0.20, 0.55)
		Generation R Analyses
	n	Unadjusted Model	Minimally Adjusted Model ^b	Fully Adjusted Model ^c
Hair cortisol at age six ^d	1644	0.06 (-0.19, 0.31)	0.05 (-0.19, 0.30)	0.02 (-0.23, 0.26)
		Meta-Analyses
	n	Unadjusted Model	Minimally Adjusted Model ^b	Fully Adjusted Model ^c
Hair cortisol at mid-childhood ^d	2272	0.08 (-0.12, 0.28)	0.09 (-0.11, 0.28)	0.06 (-0.14, 0.26)

^a Reporting β (95% CI) comparing to the reference group, which is women without high levels of prenatal depressive symptoms. For all outcomes, the units are reported as cohort-specific internal z-scores
^b Adjusted for child age and sex. Cord blood outcomes additionally adjusted for child race/ethnicity
^c Minimally adjusted model additionally adjusted for maternal pre-pregnancy BMI, education, pregnancy smoking status, marital status, friend/family social support, and household income
^d Analyses only included white children

ISSN: 1471-2431