Table 1 Comparison of the demographic data of neonatal patients

Maternal characteristics

 Maternal hypertension, n (%)

10 (2.0)

17 (1.9)

27 (1.9)

0.9299

 GDM, n (%)

21 (4.2)

37 (4.2)

58 (4.2)

0.9974

 Antenatal steroid, n (%)

0(0.0)

2(0.2)

2(0.1)

0.1574

Delivery mode

 Vaginal delivery, n (%)

341 (67.5)

593 (66.7)

934 (67.0)

0.7540

 Cesarean section, n (%)

164 (32.48)

296 (33.3)

460 (33.0)

0.7540

Patient characteristics

 Gestational age (week)

35.16 ± 4.17

37.44 ± 2.18

36.61 ± 3.25

 < 0.001

 Birth weight (g)

2,446.33 ± 903.33

2,897.44 ± 655.50

2,734.01 ± 784.98

 < 0.001

 Birth height (cm)

45.49 ± 5.11

47.72 ± 3.60

46.93 ± 4.33

 < 0.001

 IUGR, n (%)

58 (11.5)

113 (12.7)

171 (12.3)

0.4978

   < 3 percentile, n (%)

28 (5.5)

50 (5.6)

78 (5.6)

0.9503

 Male, n (%)

314 (62.2)

518 (58.3)

832 (59.7)

0.1510

 CRIB II score

1.79 ± 2.18

1.43 ± 1.50

1.43 ± 1.50

 < 0.001

 Surfactant administration, n (%)

0 (0.0)

89 (10.0)

89 (6.4)

 < 0.001

Underlying comorbidities, n (%)

 RDS

260 (51.5)

4(0.5)

264 (18.9)

 < 0.001

 PDA

90 (17.9)

20 (2.2)

110 (7.9)

 < 0.001

 BPD

21 (4.2)

2 (0.2)

23 (1.7)

 < 0.001

 ROP

7 (1.4)

2 (0.2)

9 (0.7)

0.0334

 NEC

16 (3.2)

3 (0.3)

19 (1.4)

 < 0.001

 Duration of hospitalization, mean ± SD (day)

32.06 ± 31.93

8.98 ± 7.91

17.34 ± 23.06

 < 0.001

 Mortality, n (%)

38 (7.5)

5 (0.6)

43 (3.1)

0.0000