Table 1 Product categories for newborn target product profiles

Hydration, Nutrition, and Drug Delivery

Small and sick babies have special fluid and nutritional requirements

1. Syringe Pump

Syringe pumps deliver medication and small quantities of fluids continuously through an intravenous line

Jaundice Management

Most neonates, term and preterm, will have elevated levels of unconjugated bilirubin and some amount of jaundice during the first one to two weeks of life

2. Phototherapy

Treatment with blue light phototherapy is necessary to prevent morbidity and mortality for severe cases of neonatal jaundice

3. Bilirubinometer

All infants should have a laboratory evaluation of serum bilirubin both to diagnose jaundice and to guide treatment of infants receiving phototherapy

Point-of-Care Diagnostics

Access to diagnostic laboratories remains a key challenge in low-resource settings

4. Glucometer

Monitoring glucose levels to detect hypoglycemia, a common metabolic problem in newborns that can result in neurologic complications if left untreated

5. Haemoglobinometer

Haemoglobin concentration refers to the amount of the oxygen-carrying protein in the blood and is a diagnostic for anaemia (low haemoglobin) or polycythemia (high haemoglobin)

6. pH Monitor

pH is an important blood gas measurement that assesses the acid–base status of the blood

Respiratory Support

Upon birth, a baby's lung must transition from fetal to neonatal life in three key ways: 1) fluid in the lungs must be absorbed and replaced with air, 2) lungs must expand fully and regular breathing must be established, and 3) pulmonary blood flow is increased

7. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)

bCPAP provides treatment for neonatal respiratory distress by delivering a blended mix of air and oxygen to the neonate

8. Flow Splitter

A flow splitter allows the output of a concentrator or other oxygen source to be split between multiple patients while independently monitoring and adjusting each flow rate

9. Oxygen Concentrator

An oxygen concentrator is a device able to concentrate oxygen from the air for use with a multitude of devices

10. Pulse Oximeter

Pulse oximeters use a non-invasive sensor to measure pulse rate (PR) and blood oxygenation levels (SpO2) (i.e., percentage of oxygenated haemoglobin in arterial blood)

11. Respiratory Rate/Apnea Monitor

Technology to measure respiratory rate and detect periods of non-breathing

12. Suction Pump

Clinicians periodically need to clear a neonate’s airway using a suction pump

Thermal Management

A newborn's ability to stay warm can be easily compromised by the temperature of its surroundings since newborn infants regulate body temperature much less efficiently than adults and lose heat more easily

13. Radiant Warmer

Hypothermia can be prevented using radiant warmers that carefully control heat based on manual settings or the neonate’s temperature

14. Temperature Monitor

Given that temperatures less than 36.5 °C have been shown to be an independent risk factor for death in neonates, early recognition and treatment of hypothermia is critical

15. Conductive Warmer

Conductive warmers provide conductive heating either below or around the patient while also allowing healthcare workers with visibility and access to the baby