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Table 1 Characteristics and clinical features of patients with kidney involvement after COVID-19 infection

From: Kidney involvement in children during the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant pandemic

Pt

Age

Sex

Kidney

COVID-19

Intervals

Underlying

Medication

Bx

Management

Outcome

No

(y)

involvement

Severity

Vaccination

(d)

disease

at presentation

1a

9.5

F

New-onset NS

Mild

-

42

-

-

-

Steroid

remission in 7d

2

11.2

M

NS relapse, GHU

Mild

-

3

SDNS (3.0y-)

FK506/ACEi

-

Steroid

remission in 10d

3

6.8

M

NS relapse

Mild

-

23

SDNS (3.2y-)

-

-

Steroid

remission in 14d

4

9.7

F

NS relapse

Mild

-

21

SSNS (4.9y-)

-

-

Steroid

remission in 6d

5

4.8

F

NS relapse

Mild

-

7

SSNS (3.9y-)

-

-

Steroid

remission in 9d

6

8.8

M

NS relapse

Mild

-

1

SRNS (3.5y-,)

FK506/steroid

MCD

Steroid

remission in 9d

7

12.0

F

NS relapse

Mild

-

1

SRNS (3.4y-)

-

MCD

Steroid

remission in 8d

8

7.5

M

GHU/PU (PrCR0.5)

Mild

-

0

KD (3y)

-

-

Observe

PU: Resolved in 9d

HSP (6y)

mHU: persist

9

15.0

M

GHU/PU (PrCR1.4)

Moderate

-

2

CD (9.8y-)

Adalimumab

-

Hydration

RML/PU: Improved

RML

mHU: persistent

10

12.9

F

GHU/PU (PrCR0.3)

Mild

-

0

-

-

-

Observe

mHU/PU: persist

11

12.8

F

GHU/AKI

(eGFR 66 ml/min/m2)

Mild

1

6

IgAN (9.5y-)

ARB

IgAN

Observe

improved in 41d

12

14.1

M

GHU

Mild

2

0

IgAN (14.0y-)

AZA/ACEi

IgAN

Observe

mHU: persistent

13a

9.1

F

GHU/NS (PrCR14.5)

Mild

-

49

DBA (birth-)

-

HSPNa

Steroid,

PU: Resolved in 47d

after HSP

AZA

mHU: persistent

14

10.6

M

AKI

(eGFR 73 ml/min/m2)

Moderate

-

0

KT (5.8y, ARPKD)

FK506/MMF

-

Hydration

resolution in 2d

15

18.3

M

AKI

(eGFR 49 ml/min/m2)

Moderate

3

18

KT (17.9y, IgAN)

FK506/MMF/steroid

-

Hydration

resolution in 112d

  1. aNewly diagnosed case after COVID-19 infection
  2. Abbreviations: Pt Patient, No. Number, y Years, d Days, F Female, M Male, NS Nephrotic syndrome, GHU Gross hematuria, PU Proteinuria, PrCR Urine protein/creatinine ratio, SDNS Steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome, SSNS Steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome SRNS steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome, Bx Kidney biopsy finding, MCD Minimal change disease, IgAN Immunoglobulin A nephropathy, KD Kawasaki disease, HSP Henoch-Shönlein purpura, CD Crohn's disease, DBA Diamond-Blackfan anemia 1, AKI Acute kidney injury, eGFR Estimated glomerular filtration rate, KT Kidney transplantation, ARPKD Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease, FK506 Tacrolimus, ACEi Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, ARB Angiotensin receptor blocker, AZA Azathioprine, MMF Mycophenolate mofetil