Table 1 Patient demographics and characteristics, as well as differences between responder group and non-responder group (mean ± standard deviations)
Category | Total population (n = 105) | Responder group (n = 50) | Non-responder group (n = 55) | t /χ2 | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 7.6 ± 4.5 | 7.3 ± 4.7 | 7.8 ± 4.5 | -0.582 | 0.562 |
Male gender, n (%) | 64 (61.0) | 34 (68.0) | 30 (54.5) | 3.882 | < 0.05* |
Body mass index (kg·m− 2) | 18.1 ± 4.1 | 17.8 ± 3.4 | 18.3 ± 4.6 | -0.657 | 0.513 |
Duration of epilepsy (years) | 3.4 ± 2.8 | 3.1 ± 2.5 | 3.6 ± 2.7 | -1.078 | 0.284 |
Medication time (years) | 0.6 ± 0.5 | 0.6 ± 0.4 | 0.7 ± 0.5 | -0.878 | 0.382 |
Type of seizure, n (%) | |||||
Generalized onset | 32 (30.5) | 15 (30.0) | 17 (30.9) | 0.024 | 0.877 |
Focal onset | 12 (11.4) | 6 (12.0) | 6 (10.9) | 0.061 | 0.805 |
Combined generalized and focal onset | 43 (41.0) | 21 (42.0) | 22 (40.0) | 0.083 | 0.773 |
Unknow onset | 18 (17.1) | 8 (16.0) | 10 (18.2) | 0.142 | 0.707 |
Maintenance dose (mg·kg− 1·d− 1) | 7.8 ± 2.4 | 8.4 ± 2.4 | 7.3 ± 2.3 | 2.375 | < 0.05* |
Concomitant ASMs # | |||||
Valproic acid | 92 (38.3) | 47 (41.2) | 45 (35.7) | 0.528 | 0.467 |
Levetiracetam | 62 (25.8) | 32 (28.1) | 30 (23.8) | 0.416 | 0.519 |
Oxcarbazepine | 51 (21.3) | 20 (17.5) | 31 (24.6) | 1.540 | 0.215 |
Lamotrigine | 21 (8.7) | 10 (8.8) | 11 (8.7) | - | 1.000 |
Perampanel | 6 (2.5) | 2 (1.7) | 2 (1.6) | - | 1.000 |
Zonisamide | 5 (2.1) | 2 (1.7) | 3 (2.4) | - | 1.000 |
Phenobarbital | 2 (0.8) | 0 (0) | 2 (1.6) | 2.020 | 0.155 |
Topiramate | 2 (0.8) | 0 (0) | 2 (1.6) | 2.020 | 0.155 |
Clonazepam | 1 (0.4) | 1 (0.9) | 0 (0) | 1.005 | 0.316 |
The number of ASMs were used before LCM, n (%) | |||||
One ASMs | 43 (41.0) | 27 (54.0) | 16 (29.1) | 12.872 | < 0.001** |
Two ASMs | 40 (38.1) | 15 (30.0) | 25 (45.5) | 5.164 | < 0.05* |
Three ASMs | 18 (17.1) | 7 (14.0) | 11 (20.0) | 1.276 | 0.259 |
Four ASMs | 4 (3.8) | 1 (2.0) | 3 (5.4) | 1.332 | 0.248 |