Table 1 Characterization of the study population. Ribeirão Preto and São Luís birth cohorts (BRISA), Brazil, 2010-2012
Variable | São Luís | Ribeirão Preto | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
n | Mean ± SD | n | Mean ± SD | |
Maternal age (years) | 25.2 ± 6.1 | 27.0 ± 6. 2 | ||
Gestational age (weeks) | 38.0 ± 2.8 | 38.4 ± 2.4 | ||
Birth weight (g) | 3,133.0 ± 603.9 | 3,070.9 ± 587.1 | ||
Child age (months) | 17.44 ± 3.65 | 20.62 ± 4.42 | ||
Number of children | 1.7 ± 1.0 | - | ||
n | % | n | % | |
Neonatal near miss | ||||
Yes | 57 | 5.4 | 79 | 4.3 |
No | 993 | 94.6 | 1,761 | 95.7 |
Low birth weight | ||||
Yes | 15 | 1.4 | 36 | 2.0 |
No | 1,035 | 98.6 | 1,804 | 98.0 |
Gestational age <32 weeks | ||||
Yes | 32 | 3.1 | 43 | 2.3 |
No | 1,018 | 97.0 | 1,797 | 97.7 |
Apgar score <5 | ||||
Yes | 15 | 1.4 | 15 | 0.8 |
No | 1,035 | 98.6 | 1,822 | 99.2 |
Congenital malformation | ||||
Yes | 7 | 0.7 | 21 | 1.1 |
No | 1,043 | 99.3 | 1,819 | 98.9 |
Child sex | ||||
Female | 495 | 47.1 | 917 | 49.8 |
Male | 555 | 52.9 | 923 | 50.2 |
Type of delivery | ||||
Cesarean | 495 | 47.1 | 1,033 | 56.1 |
Normal | 555 | 52.9 | 807 | 43.9 |
Cognitive | ||||
Competent | 815 | 77.6 | 1,544 | 82.7 |
Not competent | 235 | 22.4 | 322 | 17.3 |
Receptive communication | ||||
Competent | 923 | 87.9 | 1,617 | 86.7 |
Not competent | 127 | 12.1 | 249 | 13.3 |
Expressive communication | ||||
Competent | 638 | 60.8 | 987 | 52.9 |
Not competent | 412 | 39.2 | 879 | 47.1 |
Fine motor | ||||
Competent | 233 | 79.3 | 1,631 | 87.4 |
Not competent | 217 | 20.7 | 235 | 12.6 |
Gross motor | ||||
Competent | 908 | 85.7 | 1,609 | 86.2 |
Not competent | 152 | 14.3 | 257 | 13.8 |
Maternal skin color | ||||
White | 178 | 17.0 | 1,059 | 57.6 |
Brown/mulatto/cabocla/brunette | 710 | 67.6 | 587 | 31.9 |
Black | 162 | 15.4 | 194 | 10.5 |
Maternal educational level | ||||
<8 years | 237 | 22.6 | 405 | 22.0 |
9 to 11 years | 671 | 63.9 | 1,092 | 59.4 |
>12 years | 142 | 13.5 | 343 | 18.6 |
Maternal age | ||||
<20 years | 206 | 19.6 | 223 | 12.1 |
20 to 34 years | 739 | 70.4 | 1,331 | 72.3 |
≥35 years | 105 | 10.0 | 286 | 1.5 |
Socioeconomic class | ||||
A/B | 154 | 14.7 | 749 | 42.9 |
C | 629 | 59.9 | 868 | 49.7 |
D/E | 267 | 25.4 | 129 | 7.4 |
Gestational hypertension | ||||
Yes | 186 | 17.7 | 265 | 14.4 |
No | 864 | 82.3 | 1,575 | 85.6 |
Gestational diabetes | ||||
Yes | 28 | 2.6 | 116 | 6.3 |
No | 1,032 | 97.4 | 1,724 | 93.7 |
Alcohol use during pregnancy | ||||
Yes | 141 | 13.4 | 443 | 24.1 |
No | 909 | 86.6 | 1,397 | 75.9 |
Smoking during pregnancy | ||||
Yes | 29 | 2.8 | 213 | 11.6 |
No | 1,021 | 97.2 | 1,627 | 88.4 |