Table 1 Sociodemographic, reproductive, and geographic characteristics of mothers in Ethiopian by early neonatal and neonatal mortality, 2019
Variables | Weighted | Mortality per 1000 births | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Frequency | Percent | Early neonatal (95% CI) | Neonatal (95% CI) | |
Maternal age | ||||
 15–19 Years | 268 | 1.11 | 36.59 (9.59, 63.59) | 64.94 (23.39, 106.47) |
 20–24 Years | 1394 | 5.78 | 14.84 (8.19, 21.48) | 18.12 (9.97, 26.26) |
 25–29 Years | 4047 | 16.77 | 10.03 (7.13, 12.93) | 12.17 (9.11, 15.22) |
 30–34 Years | 4662 | 19.32 | 5.22 (3.27, 7.16) | 6.32 (4.33, 8.30) |
 35–39 Years | 5356 | 22.19 | 3.02 (2.02, 4.01) | 4.48 (3.02, 5.94) |
 40–44 Years | 4648 | 19.26 | 4.89 (3.21, 6.58) | 6.19 (4.31, 8.07) |
 45–49 Years | 3760 | 15.58 | 3.59 (2.43, 4.76) | 4.65 (3.24, 6.07) |
Maternal education attainment | ||||
 No education | 16,326 | 67.64 | 4.52 (3.58, 5.46) | 6.03 (4.98, 7.08) |
 Incomplete primary | 5974 | 24.75 | 6.69 (4.86, 8.54) | 7.93 (6.01, 9.86) |
 Complete primary | 607 | 2.52 | 7.49 (−0.19, 15.18) | 7.60 (−0.10, 15.30) |
 Incomplete secondary | 754 | 3.12 | 6.03 (0.81, 11.25) | 9.67 (0.74, 18.60) |
 Complete secondary | 131 | 0.54 | 9.48 (−4.53, 23.49) | 9.48 (−4.53, 23.49) |
 Higher | 344 | 1.43 | 5.27 (1.09, 9.45) | 5.30 (1.12, 9.48) |
Wealth index | ||||
 Poorest | 5055 | 20.95 | 4.53 (3.37, 5.69) | 5.91 (4.45, 7.37) |
 Poorer | 5005 | 20.74 | 5.81 (3.99, 7.63) | 7.24 (5.28, 9.21) |
 Middle | 4982 | 20.64 | 5.18 (3.43, 6.92) | 6.99 (5.15, 8.83) |
 Richer | 5287 | 21.91 | 5.19 (3.24, 7.14) | 6.57 (4.31, 8.83) |
 Richest | 3806 | 15.77 | 4.49 (3.12, 5.88) | 5.67 (3.97, 7.37) |
Number of babies at birth | ||||
 Singleton birth | 23,601 | 97.78 | 4.88 (3.97, 5.80) | 6.19 (5.27, 7.12) |
 Twin birth | 535 | 2.22 | 12.09 (6.47, 17.70) | 18.49 (10.82, 26.16) |
Sex of the child | ||||
 Male | 12,486 | 51.73 | 6.30 (4.97, 7.63) | 7.99 (6.65, 9.33) |
 Female | 11,650 | 48.27 | 3.80 (2.98, 4.62) | 5.01 (4.06, 5.96) |
Birth order | ||||
 1 | 5801 | 4.30 | 10.19 (8.08, 12.30) | 13.17 (10.81, 15.53) |
 2–4 | 5801 | 29.65 | 4.57 (3.39, 5.74) | 5.94 (0.63, 7.18) |
  ≥ 5 | 6745 | 66.05 | 3.41 (2.50, 4.33) | 4.29 (3.37, 5.23) |
Marital relation | ||||
 Never in union | 84 | 0.35 | 17.64 (−2.46, 37.74) | 17.87 (−2.24, 37.98) |
 Currently in union | 21,978 | 91.06 | 5.06 (4.11, 5.99) | 6.47 (5.44, 7.49) |
 Formerly in union | 2074 | 8.59 | 5.09 (2.32, 7.87) | 7.09 (4.37, 9.83) |
Sex of household head | ||||
 Male | 20,252 | 83.91 | 5.17 (4.16, 6.18) | 6.60 (5.51, 7.69) |
 Female | 3883 | 16.09 | 4.61 (2.76, 6.46) | 6.19 (4.49, 7.88) |
Region | ||||
 Tigray | 1398 | 5.79 | 5.79 (3.42, 8.19) | 7.13 (4.08, 10.18) |
 Afar | 257 | 1.07 | 5.15 (3.76, 6.54) | 6.43 (4.76, 8.09) |
 Amhara | 4916 | 20.37 | 4.87 (3.28, 6.47) | 7.69 (5.75, 9.63) |
 Oromia | 9906 | 41.04 | 5.45 (3.84, 7.06) | 6.71 (4.88, 8.55) |
 Somali | 1413 | 5.86 | 5.57 (4.10, 7.03) | 6.25 (4.56, 7.94) |
 Benishangul | 279 | 1.15 | 8.49 (5.27, 11.73) | 9.45 (6.02, 12.88) |
 SNNPRa | 5255 | 21.77 | 3.98 (1.69, 6.27) | 5.05 (3.35, 6.75) |
 Gambela | 100 | 0.41 | 7.14 (3.40, 10.88) | 8.21 (3.92, 12.50) |
 Harari | 61 | 0.25 | 5.24 (4.02, 6.45) | 6.80 (5.41, 8.19) |
 Dire Dawa | 1177 | 0.48 | 4.51 (3.21, 5.81) | 5.99 (4.33, 7.64) |
 Addis Ababa | 434 | 1.80 | 6.29 (3.21, 9.08) | 6.64 (3.87, 9.39) |
Place of residence | ||||
 Urban | 5706 | 23.64 | 4.62 (2.20, 7.03) | 6.00 (4.15, 7.85) |
 Rural | 18,430 | 76.36 | 5.21 (4.21, 6.21) | 6.68 (5.54, 7.82) |
Community-level poverty | ||||
 High | 9951 | 41.23 | 5.24 (4.02, 6.47) | 6.69 (5.17, 8.21) |
 Low | 14,185 | 58.77 | 4.96 (3.57, 6.35) | 6.42 (5.12, 7.71) |
Altitude above sea level | ||||
  < 500 m | 554 | 2.30 | 3.22 (1.74, 4.69) | 3.86 (2.05, 5.68) |
 501–1500 m | 4569 | 18.93 | 8.27 (5.94, 10.59) | 9.19 (6.96, 11.42) |
 1501–2300 m | 13,559 | 56.18 | 4.46 (3.50, 5.42) | 5.79 (4.76, 6.82) |
  > 2300 m | 5453 | 22.59 | 4.08 (2.52, 5.64) | 6.40 (3.97, 8.84) |