Table 1 Mean SDQ values (distinct for girls and boys)

Total difficulties

6.457

5.572

7.278

˗1. 706^***

(4.248)

(3.616)

(4.616)

[˗2.334, ˗1.079]

Internalizing

2.167

2.006

2.316

˗0.310

(2.158)

(1.933)

(2.341)

[˗0.635, 0.0157]

Emotional

1.460

1.422

1.496

˗0.0738

(1.525)

(1.460)

(1.585)

[˗0.305, 0.158]

Peer symptoms

0.707

0.584

0.820

˗0.236^*

(1.204)

(1.062)

(1.313)

[˗0.417, ˗0.0550]

Externalizing

4.290

3.566

4.962

˗1.397^***

(3.101)

(2.667)

(3.320)

[˗1.853, ˗0.940]

Conduct

1.558

1.303

1.794

˗0.491^***

(1.437)

(1.226)

(1.574)

[˗0.705, ˗0.277]

Hyperactivity

2.732

2.263

3.168

˗0.906^***

(2.204)

(1.962)

(2.327)

[˗1.232, ˗0.579]

Prosocial

8.537

8.778

8.313

0.465^***

(1.519)

(1.312)

(1.658)

[0.239, 0.692]

Impact

0.211

0.084

0.328

˗0.243^***

(0.781)

(0.450)

(0.979)

[˗0.358, ˗0.129]

N

665

320

345

665