Fig. 4

Mean physical self-concept total score and 95%-confidence interval in children 13 through 25 years in patients (ARM/HD) and controls (range 46 to 184 points). Even though a reduced physical self-concept score in patients compared to controls is evident, there were no significant differences between the mean (dotted line) and 95%-confidence interval (blue box) of the control group compared to patients, including influencing factors, such as gender or type of malformation. Patients, who are not able to swim have a significantly reduced physical self-concept score compared to controls. (PSK = physical self-concept, HD = Hirschsprung’s disease, ARM = anorectal malformation, VACTERL = VACTERL association)