From: Celiac disease and upper secondary school achievement in Sweden A retrospective cohort study
Crude (CI 95%) | Model one (CI 95%) | Model two (CI 95%) | |
---|---|---|---|
Celiac disease | |||
No | Ref | Ref | Ref |
Yes | 0.86 (0.75–0.98) | 0.92 (0.78–1.09) | 0.94 (0.82–1.08) |
Sex | |||
Female | Ref | Ref | Ref |
Male | 1.24 (1.22–1.26) | 1.26 (1.24–1.28) | 1.25 (1.23–1.27) |
Living region at 17 years | |||
East part of Sweden | Ref | Ref | Ref |
South part of Sweden | 0.90 (0.88–0.91) | 0.85 (0.83–0.87) | 0.85 (0.83–0.87) |
North part of Sweden | 0.90 (0.88–0.93) | 0.85 (0.83–0.87) | 0.85 (0.83–0.87) |
Parental education | |||
University studies ≥ 3 years (including PhD) | Ref | Ref | Ref |
University studies < 3 years | 1.10 (1.08–1.13) | 1.03 (1.00–1.06) | 1.03 (1.00–1.06) |
Compulsory school ≤ 9 years or Upper secondary school | 1.68 (1.65–1.71) | 1.40 (1.37–1.43) | 1.40 (1.37–1.43) |
Parental income | |||
High | Ref | Ref | Ref |
Average | 1.45 (1.42–1.49) | 1.33 (1.30–1.37) | 1.33 (1.30–1.37) |
Low | 2.26 (2.20–2.32) | 1.99 (1.94–2.05) | 2.00 (1.94–2.05) |
Year of birth | |||
1991–1994 | Ref | Ref | Ref |
1995–1997 | 0.59 (0.57–0.60) | 0.59 (0.58–0.60) | 0.59 (0.58–0.60) |
Apgar score 5 min | |||
Apgar 7–10 | Ref | Ref | |
Apgar < 7 | 1.04 (0.98–1.11) | 1.02 (0.96–1.10) | |
Small for gestaional age | |||
No | Ref | Ref | |
Yes | 1.12 (1.09–1.15) | 1.11 (1.08–1.14) | |
Low birth weight | |||
No | Ref | Ref | |
Yes | 1.06 (1.02–1.11) | 1.00 (0.95–1.04) |