Systematic review and meta-analysis of efficacy and safety of continuous positive airways pressure versus high flow oxygen cannula in acute bronchiolitis

Table 1 Characteristics of included studies

Study	Country	Age	N	Setting	Inclusion criteria	Treatment group		Control group
Study	Country	Age	N	Setting	Inclusion criteria	Name	Interface	Name	Interface
Milési et al. (18)	France	1 d to 6 mon	142	PICU	Bronchiolitis, and moderate to severe respiratory distress	HFNC	Optiflow system	CPAP	Infant Flow Ventilator or FlexiTrunk infant interface
Sarkar et al. (19)	India	28 d to 1 y	31	PICU	Severe bronchiolitis consistent with clinical features, SpO2 < 92% in room air, and RDAI ≥ 11	HFNC	Nasal prong	CPAP	Nasal prong or nasal mask
Vahlkvist et al. (20)	Denmark	< 2 y	50	ED	Bronchiolitis and need for respiratory support	CPAP	Nasal prong	HFNC	Nasal prong
Borgi et al. (21)	Tunisia	7 days to 6 months	255	PICU	Clinical diagnosis of bronchiolitis of moderate severity Wang modified score ≥ 10	CPAP	Nasal mask or nasal prongs	HFNC	Nasal cannula
Cesar et al. (8)	Brazil	< 9 mon	63	PICU	Diagnosis of bronchiolitis of moderate severity or greater	CPAP	Nasal prong	HFNC	Nasal cannula

CPAP Continuous positive airway pressure, EDIN Neonatal pain and discomfort scale, HFNC Humidified high-flow nasal cannula, mWCAS modified Wood’s clinical asthma score, PICU Pediatric intensive care unit, SOT Standard oxygen therapy, SpO₂ arterial pulse oximetry, SPOC Standard pediatric observation charts, RDAI Respiratory distress assessment index

ISSN: 1471-2431