Table 1 Characterization [n (%) or mean (95%CI)] of the sample according to nutritional status

Sex [n (%)]

0.106

Boys

7 (46.7)

114 (48.7)

36 (42.9)

43 (62.3)

Girls

8 (53.3)

120 (51.3)

48 (57.1)

26 (37.7)

Age [years; mean (95%CI)]

10.0 (9.7; 10.3)

10.0 (9.9; 10.1)

10.0 (9.9; 10.1)

10.1 (9.9; 10.2)

0.748

Race/ethnicity [n (%)]

0.856

White/caucasian

13 (86.7)

172 (73.5)

63 (75.0)

56 (81.2)

Black

0 (0.0)

15 (6.4)

4 (4.8)

7 (10.1)

Mixed

2 (13.3)

35 (15.0)

12 (14.3)

4 (5.8)

Others

0 (0.0)

12 (5.1)

5 (5.9)

2 (2.9)

Annual family income [n (%)]

0.915

<R$ 19,620

6 (40.0)

78 (33.3)

27 (32.1)

20 (29.0)

R$ 19,620–32,700

4 (26.7)

61 (26.1)

18 (21.4)

18 (26.1)

R$ 32,701–58,860

2 (13.3)

56 (23.9)

23 (27.5)

17 (24.6)

>R$ 58,860

3 (20.0)

39 (16.7)

16 (19.0)

14 (20.3)

Mother’s educational level [n (%)]

0.382

Incomplete high school

10 (66.7)

156 (67.7)

54 (64.3)

51 (73.9)

Complete high school/incomplete higher education

5 (33.3)

62 (26.5)

25 (29.7)

11 (15.9)

Complete higher education

0 (0.0)

16 (6.8)

5 (6.0)

7 (10.1)

Breastfeeding [month; mean (95%CI)]

6.21 (4.34; 8.08)

6.71 (6.28; 7.15)

6.53 (5.74; 7.31)

5.45 (4.55; 6.36)

0.086

Birth weight [g; mean (95%CI)]

2836.4 (2572.7; 3100.1)

3159.0 (3084.6; 3233.4)

3276.2 (3149.6; 3402.7)

3321.5 (3193.5; 3449.5)

< 0.001

Maternal BMI [kg/m²; mean (95%CI)]

23.8 (21.7; 26.0)

24.9 (24.3; 25.4)

27.6 (26.3; 29.2)

27.8 (26.4; 29.2)

< 0.001

Paternal BMI [kg/m²; mean (95%CI)]

25.3 (23.8; 26.8)

26.9 (26.2; 27.6)

28.9 (27.9; 29.9)

27.5 (26.4; 28.6)

< 0.001

Children BMI [kg/m²; mean (95%CI)]

13.5 (13.1; 13.8)

17.0 (16.8; 17.2)

21.5 (21.2; 21.7)

27.0 (26.1; 27.9)

< 0.001

Waist circumference [cm; mean (95%CI)]

54.2 (52.8; 55.6)

60.5 (59.9; 61.1)

71.3 (70.4; 72.3)

83.6 (81.4; 85.7)

< 0.001

Body fat [%; mean (95%CI)]

9.1 (7.1; 11.0)

17.8 (17,2; 28.4)

27.7 (26.7; 28.6)

36.2 (34.2; 38.1)

< 0.001

Accelerometry [min/day; mean (95%CI)]

Sedentary time

490.9 (456.1; 525.7)

497.9 (488.8; 507.2)

503.2 (488.1; 518.2)

507.6 (487.4; 527.7)

0.716

Light physical activity

342.4 (322.1; 362.6)

336.6 (329.4; 343.8)

336.5 (323.3; 349.9)

332.8 (318.9; 346.6)

0.923

Moderate physical activity

46.4 (36.9; 55.8)

42.5 (40.1; 44.9)

38.4 (34.9; 41.8)

41.3 (37.6; 44.9)

0.210

Vigorous physical activity

19.9 (14.9; 25.0)

19.7 (17.9; 21.4)

15.0 (13.1; 16.9)

13.7 (11.2; 15.3)

< 0.001

Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity

66.2 (52.8; 79.9)

62.2 (58.3; 66.1)

53.4 (48.3; 58.5)

54.5 (49.1; 59.9)

0.023