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Table 5 Estimates of main effects across parental distress outcomes

From: A single-arm pilot study: can a parental sleep intervention for sleep-disturbed young children in individual settings improve children’s sleep, crying, eating, and parental distress in mothers and fathers?

 

PD-M

PD-F

β (95% CI)

t (df)

d

β (95% CI)

t (df)

d

children's sleeping

 SOL

      

 FNW

0.892 (0.091–1.693)

t (94.08) = 2.21*

0.46

   

 DNW

      

 TSD

      

 SE

      

 BS

      

 NFI

   

3.301 (1.207–5.396)

t (54.82) = 3.16**

0.85

children's crying

 FRQ

      

 UUC

   

1.293 (0.267–2.320)

t (58.23) = 2.52*

0.66

 DEF

      

children's eating

 EAT

      

covariates

 age

      

 sex

      

 time

   

−3.373(−5.841--0.904)

t (29.37) = −2.79*

1.03

  1. Estimates of main effects in the final models for the two parental distress variables with age, sex, and time as covariates. Due to the pilot nature of the study, no p-value adjustment was applied. * p < .05, ** p < .01
  2. Abbreviations PD-M Parental distress of mothers, PD-F, Parental distress of fathers, SOL Sleep onset latency, FNW Frequency of nightly awakening, DNW Duration of nightly awakening, TSD Total nightly sleep duration, SE Sleep efficiency, BS Bed-sharing, NFI Nightly food intake, FRQ Crying frequency, UUC Unexplained and unsoothable crying, DEF Crying due to defiance, EAT Difficulties in eating behavior; age; children’s age at baseline; sex, children’s sex; time, time since study begin