Table 5 Bivariable and multivariable analyses to assess factors associated with LBW at public hospitals in North Shewa Zone, central Ethiopia, 2021(N = 441)

  ≤ 20

24 (27.6)

63 (72.4)

2.68 (1.45, 4.78) *

2.39 (0.91, 6.30)

 21–34

38 (12.5)

267 (87.5)

1

1

  > 34

16 (32.7)

33 (67.3)

3.41(1.71, 6.77) **

1.24 (0.49, 3.15)

 Prim parous

22 (17.1)

107 (82.9)

1.64 (0.89, 3.01)

0.79 (0.31, 2.00)

 Multiparous

27(11.20

215 (88.8)

1

1

 Grand multiparous

29 (41.4)

41 (58.6)

5.63 (3.03, 10.49) **

2.57 (1.12, 5.88) *

 Preterm

18 (36.0)

32 (64.0)

3.10 (1.64, 5.88) *

1.41 (0.62, 3.21)

 Term

60 (15.3)

331(84.7)

1

1

 Yes

41(38.3)

66 (61.70

4.99(2.97, 8.37) **

2.16 (1.12, 4.18) *

 No

37 (11.1)

297 (88.9)

1

1

 Yes

29 (13.6)

185 (86.4)

1

1

 No

49 (21.6)

178 (78.4)

1.76 (1.06,2.91) *

0.59 (0.30, 1.18)

 Yes

59 (29.8)

139 (70.2)

5.00 (2.86, 8.75) **

1.12 (0.53, 2.38)

 No

19 (7.8)

224 (92.2)

1

1

 Yes

55 (15.1)

310 (84.9)

1

1

 No

23 (30.3)

53 (69.7)

2.45(1.39, 4.31) *

1.67 (0.81, 3.47)

  < 11 g/dl

21 (46.7)

24 (53.3)

5.20 (2.72, 9.96) **

1.19 (0.52, 2.74)

  ≥ 11 g/dl

57 (14.4)

339 (85.60

1

1

 Yes

43 (37.1)

73 (62.9)

4.88 (2.92, 8.17) **

2.19 (1.11, 4.33) *

 No

35 (10.8)

290 (89.2)

1

1

 Yes

64 (34.2)

123 (65.8)

8.92 (4.81, 16.54) **

3.77 (1.81, 7.88) *

 No

14 (5.5)

240 (94.5)

1

1

 Secured

39 (10.7)

324 (89.3)

1

1

 In secured

39 (50)

39 (50)

8.30 (4.77, 14.46) **

2.31 (1.12, 4.75) *

  < 23 cm

38 (48.1)

41 (51.9)

7.46 (4.31, 12.94) **

2.54 (1.26, 5.10) *

  ≥ 23 cm

40 (11.0)

322 (89.0)

1

1