Table 1 Demographic and perinatal characteristics of patients with congenital diaphragmatic hernia

 Male

71 (59.2)

 Female

49 (40.8)

Ethnicity

 Malay

53 (44.2)

 Chinese

31 (25.8)

 Indian

32 (26.7)

 Others

4 (3.3)

 Left-sided hernia

112 (93.3)

Time of Diagnosis

 Prenatal Diagnosis

52 (43.3)

 Postnatal Diagnosis

68 (56.7)

Place of delivery

 Inborn

59 (49.2)

 Outborn

61 (50.8)

Gestational age, median (IQR), weeks^a

38.1 (37–40)

 Term (≥ \(37\)weeks)

105 (89)

 Preterm (< 37 weeks)

13 (11)

Mode of delivery

 Vaginal

73 (60.8)

 Emergency Cesarean section

33 (27.5)

 Elective Cesarean section

14 (11.7)

 Birth weight, median (IQR), g^b

2940 (2585–3200)

 Apgar score ≥ 7 at 1 min^c

59 (51.3)

 Apgar score ≥ 7 at 5 min^c

86 (74.8)

Associated significant anomalies^d

 Cardiac

7 (5.9)

 Syndromic

12 (10.1)

 Time of death, median (IQR), days (n = 40)

2 (1–11)

Surgical repair (n = 90)

Hernia type

 Bochdalek

69 (76.7)

 Central

5 (5.6)

 Other

16 (17.8)

Defect size^a:

 A

7 (8.0)

 B

66 (75.0)

 C

15 (17.0)

 D

0 (0.0)

Repair

 Primary

71 (78.9)

 Synthetic patch

13 (14.4)

 Muscle flap

6 (6.7)

 Age of repair, median (IQR), days^d (n = 90)

7 (5–12)

 Survivor length of stay, median (IQR)^a, days (n = 80)

32.5 (18.8–58.0)