Table 1 Demographic characteristics of the participants

Age in years

15.26(1.57)

Number of Siblings

2.0(1.0)

Frequency

%

Gender

738^a

100

 Male

340

45.8

 Female

398

53.6

Religion

735^a

100

 No religious affiliation

58

7.9

 Christianity

658

89.5

 Islam

4

0.5

 Others^b

15

2.0

Ethnic group

713^a

100

 Non-citizen

1

0.1

 Tswana

575

80.6

 Kalanga

100

14.0

 Other ethnic groups^c

37

5.2

Loss of at least one parent to death or marital separation

736^a

100

 No

18

2.4

 Yes

718

96.8

Age at parental separation or loss

86

100

 Less than age 5 year

53

7.1

 More than age 5 years

33

4.4

Care giver

712

100

 Both parents

124

16.7

 Single parent and others

588

79.2

Fathers’ occupation/employment status

596^a

100

 Unemployed

125

21.0

 Higher occupational level

237

39.8

 Lower occupational level

234

39.3

Mothers’ occupation/employment status

628^a

100

 Unemployed

180

28.7

 Higher occupational level

268

42.7

 Lower occupational level

180

28.6

Birth order

738^a

100

 First born

176

23.7

 others

562

75.7