Table 1 Baseline characteristics of inpatient pediatric gastrointestinal surgical patients in the United States in 2016
Variable | Total (n = 66,157) | No Complication (n = 64,148) | Complication (n = 2,009) |
|---|---|---|---|
Procedure | |||
Appendectomy | 50,947 (77.0) | 49,290 (96.7) | 1,657 (3.3) |
Cholecystectomy | 9,796 (14.8) | 9,561 (97.6) | 235 (2.4) |
Colonic Resection | 333 (0.5) | 297 (89.2) | 36 (10.8) |
Pyloromyotomy | 4,574 (6.9) | 4,546 (99.4) | 28 (0.6) |
Small Bowel Resection | 254 (0.4) | 228 (89.8) | 26 (10.2) |
Combination of 2 Procedures | -- | -- | -- |
Combination of 3 Procedures | -- | -- | -- |
Age in Years mean (SD) | 12.2 (5.8) | 12.1 (5.8) | 12.1 (5.6) |
Age Group | |||
< 1 month | 1,694 (2.6) | 1,669 (98.5) | 25 (1.5) |
1–24 months | 3,544 (5.4) | 3,486 (98.4) | 58 (1.6) |
2–12 years | 27,239 (41.2) | 26,312 (96.6) | 928 (3.4) |
>12 years | 33,679 (50.9) | 32,681 (97.0) | 998 (3.0) |
Sex | |||
Male | 36,172 (54.7) | 34,896 (96.5) | 1,276 (3.5) |
Female | 29,980 (45.3) | 29,249 (97.6) | 731 (2.4) |
Race | |||
White | 28,619 (46.3) | 27,758 (97.0) | 860 (3.0) |
Black | 4,794 (7.7) | 4,606 (96.1) | 188 (3.9) |
Hispanic | 22,807 (36.9) | 22,189 (97.3) | 619 (2.7) |
Asian/Pacific Islander | 1,729 (2.8) | 1,679 (97.1) | 50 (2.9) |
Native American | 588 (1.0) | 554 (94.3) | 34 (5.7) |
Other | 3,338 (5.4) | 3,225 (96.6) | 113 (3.4) |
Insurance Status | |||
Medicare | 161 (0.2) | -- | -- |
Medicaid | 33,729 (51.0) | 32,740 (97.1) | 989 (2.9) |
Private Insurance | 26,916 (40.7) | 26,092 (96.9) | 824 (3.1) |
Self-pay | 3,209 (4.9) | 3,105 (96.8) | 104 (3.2) |
No Charge | 149 (0.2) | -- | -- |
Other | 1,916 (2.9) | 1,844 (96.2) | 72 (3.8) |
Median Income for ZIP Code | |||
First Quartile | 20,238 (31.0) | 19,628 (97.0) | 610 (3.0) |
Second Quartile | 16,243 (24.9) | 15,706 (96.7) | 536 (3.3) |
Third Quartile | 15,829 (24.2) | 15,339 (96.9) | 490 (3.1) |
Fourth Quartile | 13,003 (19.9) | 12,655 (97.3) | 348 (2.7) |
Geographic Region of Hospital | |||
Northeast | 11,245 (17.0) | 10,965 (97.5) | 280 (2.5) |
Midwest | 10,568 (16.0) | 10,175 (96.3) | 393 (3.7) |
South | 23,308 (35.2) | 22,525 (96.6) | 784 (3.4) |
West | 21,036 (31.8) | 20,484 (97.4) | 552 (2.6) |
Hospital Location and Teaching Status | |||
Rural | 4,265 (6.4) | 4,086 (95.8) | 179 (4.2) |
Urban Nonteaching | 13,236 (20.0) | 12,813 (96.8) | 423 (3.2) |
Urban teaching | 48,656 (73.5) | 47,249 (97.1) | 1,406 (2.9) |
Hospital Size | |||
Small (1 to 99 beds) | 8,706 (13.2) | 8,410 (96.6) | 296 (3.4) |
Medium (100 to 399 beds) | 15,818 (23.9) | 15,361 (97.1) | 457 (2.9) |
Large (≥ 400 beds) | 41,633 (62.9) | 40,377 (97.0) | 1,256 (3.0) |
Admission Modality | |||
Non-elective | 61,336 (93.0) | 59,532 (97.1) | 1,804 (2.9) |
Elective | 4,635 (7.0) | 4,433 (95.6) | 202 (4.4) |
Admission Day | |||
Weekday | 49,401 (74.7) | 47,884 (96.9) | 1,517 (3.1) |
Weekend | 16,756 (25.3) | 16,264 (97.1) | 492 (2.9) |
Admission Season | |||
Winter | 16,473 (24.9) | 15,982 (97.0) | 491 (3.0) |
Spring | 16,645 (25.2) | 16,135 (96.9) | 510 (3.1) |
Summer | 17,437 (26.4) | 16,890 (96.9) | 547 (3.1) |
Fall | 15,599 (23.6) | 15,138 (97.0) | 460 (3.0) |
Perforation | |||
No | 42,618 (64.4) | 41,868 (98.2) | 750 (1.8) |
Yes | 23,539 (35.6) | 22,281 (94.7) | 1,258 (5.3) |
Gestational Age | |||
Extremely Immature < 28 Weeks | 18 (0.0) | -- | -- |
Immature 28–37 Weeks | 64 (0.1) | -- | -- |
Post-term > 42 Weeks | -- | -- | -- |
Body Mass Index | |||
< 5th Percentile for Age | 62 (0.1) | -- | -- |
5th − 85th Percentile for Age | 174 (0.3) | 163 (93.7) | 11 (6.3) |
85th − 95th Percentile for Age | 159 (0.2) | -- | -- |
≥ 95th Percentile for Age | 778 (1.2) | 748 (96.1) | 30 (3.9) |
Not available | 64,982 (98.2) | 63,022 (97.0) | 1,961 (3.0) |