Table 1 Maternal and neonatal demographic and clinical characteristics

Maternal characteristics, N (%) or median (IQR)

 Age (years)

31 (27–35)

 Parity

3 (2–4)

 Gestational diabetes

51 (17.1%)

 Pregnancy-induced hypertension

26 (8.7%)

Maternal nationality

 Kuwaiti

112 (37.6%)

Non-Kuwaiti

186 (62.4%)

Maternal educational level

 Educated

297 (99%)

Non-educated

3 (1%)

 Elementary school

8 (2.7%)

Middle school

49 (16.4%)

 High school

38 (12.7%)

Diploma holder

47 (15.8%)

 Bachelor’s

147 (49.3%)

Master’s and PhD

6 (2%)

Paternal educational level

 Educated

297 (99.3%)

Non-educated

2 (0.7%)

 Elementary school

6 (2%)

Middle school

41 (13.8%)

 High school

66 (22.2%)

Diploma holder

57 (19.2%)

 Bachelor’s

119 (40.1%)

Master’s and PhD

6 (2%)

Gestational age at SARS-CoV-2 infection

 1^st Trimester (< 13 weeks)

5 (1.7%)

2^nd Trimester

(13–26 weeks)

20 (6.7%)

3^rd Trimester

(> 26 weeks)

273 (91.6%)

 Maternal fever

123 (42%)

 Asymptomatic

103 (39.5%)

 Severe maternal COVID-19

12 (6.9%)

 Maternal ECMO

3 (1%)

 Maternal total duration of symptoms, days

5.5 (3–10)

Neonatal characteristics, N (%), median (IQR)

 Mode of delivery

  Vaginal birth

170 (57%)

Cesarean section

128 (43%)

  Multiple gestation

13 (6%)

  Gestational age, weeks

38 (37–39)

  Birth weight, grams

3005 (2660–3440)

  Male

167 (56%)

Female

131 (44%)

Neonatal ICU admission (N = 76)

 Prematurity

55 (18.4%)

Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia

6 (2%)

 Transient tachypnea of newborn

6 (2%)

Congenital heart disease

2 (0.7%)

 Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy

3 (1%)

Myelomeningocele

1 (0.3%)

 Aqueduct stenosis

1 (0.3%)

Epidermolysis bullosa

1 (0.3%)

 Early-onset Klebsiella sepsis

1 (0.3%)

 SARS-CoV-2 infection, PCR

2 (0.7%)

Type of feeding in the first 6 months of life

 Bottle feeding (formula)

50 (50.7%)

Breastfeeding (breast milk)

75 (25.3%)

Mixed feeding

71 (24%)

  Further hospitalization in the first 8–10 months of life

28 (9.6%)