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Table 2 The effect (with 95% CI) of breastfeeding on intergenerational change in intelligence in the full sample (N = 6283) as well as two random subsamples (N = 3142 and N = 3141, respectively). Separately for three alternative latent change score models (see Fig. 2 for illustration) as well as for first and second child

From: Regression to the mean in latent change score models: an example involving breastfeeding and intelligence

Child/Model

Full sample

Subsample 1

Subsample 2

Child 1

  Forward, Adj

2.67 (1.96; 3.37)

2.68 (1.67; 3.69)

2.65 (1.67; 3.64)

  Backward, Adj

8.09 (7.23; 8.94)

8.16 (6.93; 9.38)

8.02 (6.83; 9.22)

  Forward, Noadj

-5.13 (-5.98; -4.27)

-5.23 (-6.45; -4.01)

-5.02 (-6.23; -3.82)

Child 2

  Forward, Adj

1.47 (0.32; 2.62)

1.68 (0.15; 3.21)

1.23 (-0.49; 2.96)

  Backward, Adj

8.63 (7.32; 9.94)

8.09 (6.24; 9.94)

9.12 (7.26; 11.0)

  Forward, Noadj

-6.17 (-7.50; -4.83)

-5.88 (-7.70; -4.06)

-6.47 (-8.42; -4.51)