Table 4 Multilevel multivariate logistics regression models to identify the predisposing factors that affected children between 0 and 23 months old living in South Sudan from being on track with their routine immunisation schedule

Variable

Crude Estimate

Model 1a

Model 2b

Model 3c

cOR (CI)

aOR (CI)

aOR (CI)

aOR (CI)

   1 child

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

   2–5 children

0.82 (0.40, 1.68)

0.55 (0.23, 1.28)#

0.58 (0.18, 1.85)#

1.01 (0.45, 2.23)#

   6 and above

0.43 (0.19, 0.93)

0.28 (0.09, 0.83)

0.32 (0.08, 1.12)#

0.40 (0.16, 0.96)

   Protection against diseases

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

   Child Growth

3.96 (1.35,11.53)

5.94 (1.70, 20.71)

23.05 (2.81,188.68)

7.45 (2.06, 26.87)

   Yes

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

   No

7.42 (4.28,12.82)

5.75 (2.79, 11.80)

1.62 (0.60, 4.37)#

7.62 (3.90, 14.87)

   Yes

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

  No

7.76 (4.50,13.36)

5.62 (2.6, 11.86)

1.77 (0.58, 5.34)#

8.01 (4.02, 15.92)

  Yes

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

  No

1.80 (1.11, 2.90)

1.93 (1.04, 3.57)

1.59 (0.80, 3.14)#

1.01 (0.53, 1.89)#

  Yes

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

  No

2.32 (1.45,3.71)

2.27 (1.29, 3.98)

4.12 (1.91, 8.88)

7.21 (3.82, 13.5)

  Yes

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

  No

0.40 (0.21,0.68)

0.56 (0.29,1.09)

0.32 (0.13, 0.73)

0.43 (0.23, 0.80)

  Yes

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

  No

0.20 (0.10,0.37)

0.26 (0.12, 0.54)

0.19 (0.07, 0.48)

0.17 (0.08, 0.35)

  Yes

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

  No

0.23 (0.12, 0.42)

0.15 (0.05, 0.39)

0.39 (0.16, 0.91)

0.68 (0.29, 1.55)#

Variables

Crude Odd Ratio (95% CI)

P -value

Adj Odd Ratio (95% CI)

P -value

 Immunisation benefit adjusted for Frequent provision of immunization at health facility on daily bases

3.96 (1.35,11.53)

0.012

3.53 (1.199, 10.36)

0.022

 Immunisation benefit adjusted for (Frequent provision of immunization at health facility on daily bases + Maternal Age (25–34 years))

3.36 (1.12, 10.05)

0.03

 Immunisation benefit adjusted for (Frequent provision of immunization at health facility on daily bases + Maternal Age (25–34 years) + Health facility too far and no transportation to going for immunization)

4.34 (1.23, 15.24)

0.022

 vaccinator conduct outreach immunization adjusted for immunisation benefit

2.32 (1.45,3.71)

< 0.001

2.05 (1.24, 3.39)

0.005

 vaccinator conduct outreach immunization adjusted for (immunisation benefit + Maternal age (25–34 years old))

2.18 (1.25, 3.78)

0.005

 vaccinator conduct outreach immunization adjusted for (immunisation benefit + Maternal age (25–34 years old) + Vaccinator visit during family livelihood business)

2.27 (1.29, 3.96)

0.004

 vaccinator conduct outreach immunization adjusted for (immunisation benefit + Maternal age (25–34 years old) + Vaccinator visit during family livelihood business + Not completed all the immunization for my child, not informed to come back)

2.26 (1.29, 3.94)

0.004

 vaccinator conduct outreach immunization adjusted for (immunisation benefit + Maternal age (25–34 years old) + Vaccinator visit during family livelihood business + Not completed all the immunization for my child, not informed to come back + Health facility too far and no transportation to going for immunization)

1.81 (1.00, 3.25)

0.046

 Vaccinator visit during family livelihood business adjusted for Availability of children immunization card

0.40 (0.21,0.68)

0.001

0.35 (0.19, 0.64)

0.001

 Vaccinator visit during family livelihood business adjusted for Availability of children immunization card + Functional facility type in the area)

0.32 (0.17, 0.59)

< 0.001

 Vaccinator visit during family livelihood business adjusted for Availability of children immunization card + Functional facility type in the area + Health facility conduct routine immunization outreach services

0.33 (0.17, 0.62)

0.001

 Health facility too far and no transportation to going for immunization adjusted for Functional facility type in the area

0.20 (0.10,0.37)

< 0.001

0.14 (0.07, 0 .26)

< 0.001

 Health facility too far and no transportation to going for immunization adjusted for Functional facility type in the area + Inadequate notice about immunization outreach visit to community)

0.15 (0.07, 0.28)

< 0.001

 Inadequate notice about immunization outreach visit to community adjusted for Maternal Age

0.23 (0.12, 0.42)

< 0.001

0.11 (0.04, 0.28)

< 0.001

 Inadequate notice about immunization outreach visit to community adjusted for Maternal Age + vaccinator conduct outreach immunisation

0.10 (0.03, 0.25)

< 0.001

 Inadequate notice about immunization outreach visit to community adjusted for Maternal Age + vaccinator conduct outreach immunisation + Parity (above 6 children)

0.10 (0.03, 0.25)

< 0.001

 Inadequate notice about immunization outreach visit to community adjusted for Maternal Age + vaccinator conduct outreach immunisation + Parity (above 6 children) + Health facility too far and no transportation to going for immunization

0.11 (0.04, 0.27)

< 0.001

 Inadequate notice about immunization outreach visit to community adjusted for Maternal Age + vaccinator conduct outreach immunisation + Parity (above 6 children) + Health facility too far and no transportation to going for immunization +child card availability

0.12 (0.04, 0.31)

< 0.001

 Inadequate notice about immunization outreach visit to community adjusted for Maternal Age + vaccinator conduct outreach immunisation + Parity (above 6 children) + Health facility too far and no transportation to going for immunization +child card availability +Vaccinator not happy for coming regularly to the community

0.14 (0.05, 0.37)

< 0.001

 Churches discussed immunization importance adjusted for county

7.42 (4.28,12.82)

< 0.001

2.42 (1.16, 5.01)

0.018

 Churches discussed immunization importance adjusted for county + Health facility too far and no transportation to go for immunisation

1.95 (0.92, 4.13)

0.081

 Churches discussed immunization importance adjusted for county + Health facility too far and no transportation to go for immunisation + Are you parent or guardian

2.02 (0.87, 4.65)

0.099

 Churches discussed immunization importance adjusted for county + Health facility too far and no transportation to go for immunisation + Are you parent or guardian + Vaccinator visit during family livelihood business

1.82 (0.77, 4.24)

0.169

 Churches discussed immunization importance adjusted for county + Health facility too far and no transportation to go for immunisation + Are you parent or guardian + Vaccinator visit during family livelihood business + Not completed all the immunization for my child, not informed to come back

1.77 (0.75, 4.18)

0.191

 Churches discussed immunization importance adjusted for county + Health facility too far and no transportation to go for immunisation + Are you parent or guardian + Vaccinator visit during family livelihood business + Not completed all the immunization for my child, not informed to come back + Functional facility type in the area

1.93 (0.80, 4.63)

0.139

 Churches discussed immunization importance adjusted for county + Health facility too far and no transportation to go for immunisation + Are you parent or guardian + Vaccinator visit during family livelihood business + Availability of children immunization card

2.19 (0.87, 5.47)

0.094

 Churches discussed immunization importance adjusted for county + Health facility too far and no transportation to go for immunisation + Are you parent or guardian + Vaccinator visit during family livelihood business + Availability of children immunization card + Frequent provision of immunisation at health facility

2.26 (0.89, 5.72)

0.085

 Churches discussed immunization importance adjusted for county + Health facility too far and no transportation to go for immunisation + Are you parent or guardian + Vaccinator visit during family livelihood business + Availability of children immunization card + Frequent provision of immunisation at health facility + Inadequate notice about immunization outreach visit to community

2.19 (0.82, 5.82)

0.115

 Churches discussed immunization importance adjusted for county + Health facility too far and no transportation to go for immunisation + Are you parent or guardian + Vaccinator visit during family livelihood business + Availability of children immunization card + Frequent provision of immunisation at health facility + Inadequate notice about immunization outreach visit to community + Health Facility conduct routine immunisation outreach

2.09 (0.78, 5.59)

0.141

 Community discussed immunization importance: adjusted for Churches discussed immunization importance

7.76 (4.50,13.36)

< 0.001

3.62 (1.42, 9.18)

0.007

 Community discussed immunization importance: adjusted for Churches discussed immunization importance + Availability of children immunization card

2.22 (0.85, 5.80)

0.103

 Community discussed immunization importance: adjusted for Churches discussed immunization importance + Availability of children immunization card + Health facility too far and no transportation to going for immunization

2.22 (0.85, 5.74)

0.099

 Community discussed immunization importance: adjusted for Churches discussed immunization importance + Availability of children immunization card + Health facility too far and no transportation to going for immunization + Are you Parent/guardian of the child

1.94 (0.74, 5.07)

0.178

 Community discussed immunization importance: adjusted for Churches discussed immunization importance + Availability of children immunization card + Health facility too far and no transportation to going for immunization + Are you Parent/guardian of the child + Functional health facility types

1.38 (0.47, 3.97)

0.551

 Community discussed immunization importance: adjusted for Churches discussed immunization importance + Availability of children immunization card + Health facility too far and no transportation to going for immunization + Are you Parent/guardian of the child + Functional health facility types + Inadequate notice about immunization outreach visit to community

1.13 (0.36, 3.43)

0.836

 Community discussed immunization importance: adjusted for Churches discussed immunization importance + Availability of children immunization card + Health facility too far and no transportation to going for immunization + Are you Parent/guardian of the child + Functional health facility types + Inadequate notice about immunization outreach visit to community + Vaccinator visit during family livelihood business

1.13 (0.37, 3.364)

0.829

 Community discussed immunization importance: adjusted for Churches discussed immunization importance + Availability of children immunization card + Health facility too far and no transportation to going for immunization + Are you Parent/guardian of the child + Functional health facility types + Inadequate notice about immunization outreach visit to community + Vaccinator visit during family livelihood business + Not completed all the immunization for my child, not informed to come back

1.23 (0.40, 3.71)

0.711

 Community discussed immunization importance: adjusted for Churches discussed immunization importance + Availability of children immunization card + Health facility too far and no transportation to going for immunization + Are you Parent/guardian of the child + Functional health facility types + Inadequate notice about immunization outreach visit to community + Vaccinator visit during family livelihood business + Not completed all the immunization for my child, not informed to come back + Parity (above 6 children)

1.18 (0.38, 3.59)

0.777

 Community discussed immunization importance: adjusted for Churches discussed immunization importance + Availability of children immunization card + Health facility too far and no transportation to going for immunization + Are you Parent/guardian of the child + Functional health facility types + Inadequate notice about immunization outreach visit to community + Vaccinator visit during family livelihood business + Not completed all the immunization for my child, not informed to come back + Parity (above 6 children) + Frequent provision of immunisation at health facility

1.24 (0.39, 3.84)

0.713

 Community discussed immunization importance: adjusted for Churches discussed immunization importance + Availability of children immunization card + Health facility too far and no transportation to going for immunization + Are you Parent/guardian of the child + Functional health facility types + Inadequate notice about immunization outreach visit to community + Vaccinator visit during family livelihood business + Not completed all the immunization for my child, not informed to come back + Parity (above 6 children) + Frequent provision of immunisation at health facility + Health facility conduct routine immunisation outreaches

1.29 (0.40, 4.05)

0.665