Table 2 Descriptive and univariate analysis for predisposing factors that affected children between 0 and 23 months old living in South Sudan from being on track with their routine immunisation schedule
Variable | Category | On track N (%) | Off track N (%) | Crude Odds Ratio | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OR and (95% CI) | P-value | ||||
Geographical Characteristics | |||||
 County ( N = 427) | Rumbek centre | 20 (19.23) | 155 88.57) | 1 |  |
Rumbek north and Rumbek east | 3 (9.23) | 78 (96.30) | 3.35 (0.96, 11.63) | 0.056 | |
Wulu | 81 (48.50) | 86 (51.50) | 0.13(0.07, 0.23) | < 0.001 | |
Maternal Characteristics/Role | |||||
 Parity ( N = 418) | 1 child | 11 (19.30) | 46 (80.70) | 1 |  |
2–5 children | 59 (22.52) | 203 (77.48) | 0.82 (0.40, 1.68) | 0.595 | |
6 and above | 34 (35.79) | 61 (64.21) | 0.42 (0.19, 0.93) | 0.034 | |
 Education of Mothers ( N = 422) | None | 77 (23.33) | 253 (76.67) | 1 | 0.444 |
Having some education | 24 (27.27) | 64 (72.73) | 0.81 (0.47,1.38) | ||
 Are you Parent/guardian of the child ( N = 409) | Parent | 94 (30.13) | 218 (69.87) | 1 | < 0.001 |
Guardian | 6 (6.38) | 88 (93.62) | 6.32(2.67, 14.96) | ||
 Maternal age ( N = 385) | < 24 years | 39 (33.33) | 78 (66.67) | 1 |  |
25–34 years | 37 (20.11) | 147 (79.89) | 1.98 (1.17, 3.36) | 0.011 | |
> 35 years | 17 (21.25) | 63 (78.75) | 1.85 (0.95, 3.58) | 0.067 | |
 Availability of child immunisation card ( N = 411) | Yes | 78 (34.67) | 147 (65.33) | 1 | < 0.001 |
No | 24 (13.19) | 158 (86.81) | 3.49 (2.09, 5.81) | ||
Child Characteristics | |||||
 Sex ( N = 427) | Male | 48 (21.72) | 173 (78.28) | 1 | 0.153 |
Female | 56 (27.72) | 146 (72.28) | 0.72 (0.46, 1.12) | ||
 Child age ( N = 428) | 0–11 Months | 71 (26.10) | 201 (73.90) | 1 | 0.314 |
12–23 Months | 33(21.71) | 119 (78.29) | 1.27 (0.79, 2.04) | ||
Communal/Health System Role | |||||
 Functional health facility in the area ( N = 420) | Yes | 99 (78.29) | 285 (74.22) | 1 | 0.80 |
No | 3 (10.34) | 26 (89.66) | 1.86 (0.40, 8.54) | ||
 Functional facility type in the area ( N = 413) | PHCU | 86 (34.26) | 165 (65.74) | 1 | < 0.001 |
PHCC | 16 (10.13) | 142 (89.87) | 4.63 (2.59, 8.25) | ||
 Distance to facility N = (406) | <=5 km | 39 (25.49) | 114 (74.51) | 1 | 0.082 |
6-10Km | 22 (18.80) | 95 (81.20) | 1.47 (0.81, 2.66) | ||
> = 11Km | 41 (31.06) | 91(68.94) | 0.75 (0.45, 1.27) | ||
 Facility provides immunization ( N = 417) | Yes | 99 (25.78) | 285 (74.22) | 1 | 0.076 |
No | 3 (10.34) | 26 (89.66) | 3.01 (0.89, 10.16 | ||
 Health facility conduct routine immunization outreach services ( N = 417) | Yes | 84 (30.11) | 195 (69.89) | 1 | 0.001 |
No | 19 (14.18) | 115 (85.82) | 2.61 (1.50, 4.51) | ||
 Frequent provision of (EPI) immunization at health facility on daily bases ( N = 420) | Yes | 73 (28.85) | 180 (71.15) | 1 | 0.017 |
No | 30 (18.40) | 133 (81.60) | 1.80(1.11, 2.90) | ||
 Health facility Conduct mobile immunization ( N = 418) | Yes | 56 (27.72) | 146 (72.28) | 1 | 0.192 |
No | 47 (22.17) | 165 (77.83) | 1.34 (0.861, 2.10) | ||
 Is immunization good for child’s health ( N = 416) | Yes | 100 (25.25) | 296 (74.75) | 1 | 0.26 |
No | 2 (12.50) | 14 (87.50) | 2.36 (0.52, 10.58) | ||
 Immunization benefits ( N = 324) | Protection against diseases | 97 (33.80) | 190 (66.20) | 1 | 0.012 |
Child growth | 4 (11.43) | 31 (88.57) | 3.96 (1.35, 11.53) | ||
 Vaccinator conduct outreach immunization ( N = 409) | Yes | 67 (32.37) | 140 (67.63) | 1 | < 0.001 |
No | 34 (17.09) | 165 (82.91) | 2.32 (1.45, 3.71) | ||
 Vaccinator visit during family livelihood business ( N = 408) | Yes | 17 (14.05) | 104 (85.95) | 1 | 0.001 |
No | 84 (29.58) | 200 (70.42) | 0.39 (0.21, 0.68) | ||
 Health facility too far and no transportation to going for immunization ( N = 410) | Yes | 13 (9.15) | 129 (90.85) | 1 | < 0.001 |
No | 89 (33.58) | 176 (66.42) | 0.20(9.10, 0.37) | ||
 Vaccinator ask for money when visit the facility for services ( N = 406) | Yes | 3 (33.33) | 6 (66.67) | 1 | 0.552 |
No | 97 (24.62) | 297 (75.38) | 1.53(0.37, 6.23) | ||
 Vaccinator not happy for coming regularly to the community ( N = 407) | Yes | 3 (5.08) | 56 (94.92) | 1 | 0.001 |
No | 99 (28.70) | 246 (71.30) | 0.13(0.04, 0.43) | ||
 Not completed all the immunization for my child, not informed to come back ( N = 405) | Yes | 12 (13.04) | 80 (86.96) | 1 | 0.003 |
No | 89 (28.71) | 221 (71.29) | 0.37(0.19, 0.71) | ||
 Inadequate notice about immunization outreach visit to community ( N = 408) | Yes | 13 (9.85) | 119 (90.15) | 1 | < 0.001 |
No | 88 (32.23) | 185 (67.77) | 0.23 (0.12, 0.42) | ||
 Girl child don’t receive immunization if yes why ( N = 408) | Yes | 3 (30.00) | 7 (70.00) | 1 | 0.709 |
No | 98 (24.81) | 297 (75.19) | 1.29 (0.32, 5.11) | ||
 Male child don’t receive immunization if yes why ( N = 409) | Yes | 3 (33.33) | 6 (66.67) | 1 | 0.556 |
No | 98 (24.69) | 299 (75.31) | 1.52(0.374, 6.21) | ||
 Relocation history in the past 23 months ( N = 400) | Yes | 19 (29.69) | 45 (70.31) | 1 | 0.395 |
No | 82 (24.62) | 251 (75.38) | 1.29(0.71, 2.33) | ||
 Times BHW visit household ( N = 345) | No visitation | 10 (13.70) | 63 (86.30) | 1 | < 0.001 |
1–3 times | 24 (13.87) | 149 (86.13) | 0.98(0.44, 2.18) | ||
4–14 times | 47 (48.96) | 49 (51.04) | 0.16(0.07, 0.36) | ||
 Churches discussed immunization importance ( N = 373) | Yes | 71 (44.65) | 88 (55.35) | 1 | < 0.001 |
No | 21 (9.81) | 193 (90.19) | 7.42(4.28, 12.82) | ||
 Community leaders discussed immunization importance ( N = 374) | Yes | 70 (46.05) | 82 (53.950 | 1 | < 0.001 |
No | 22 (9.91) | 200 (90.09) | 7.76(4.50, 13.36) | ||