Table 1 Characteristics of included studies
From: Child transmission of SARS-CoV-2: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Article | Number of index patients | Child-to-child transmission | Child-to-adult transmission | Country | Setting | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Positive PCR | Symptomatic; unconfirmed PCR | Asymptomatic or negative PCR | Positive PCR | Symptomatic; unconfirmed PCR | Asymptomatic or negative PCR | ||||
Posfay-Barbe et al. 2020 | 39 | 0 | 6 | 13 | 2 | 11 | 11 | Switzerland | Household |
Laws et al. 2021 | 12 | 1 | 0 | 15 | 2 | 0 | 17 | USA | Household |
Lopez et al. 2020 | 4 | 1 | 2 | -- | 7 | 2 | -- | USA | Household |
Macartney et al. 2020 | 12 | 2 | -- | 196 | 1 | -- | 101 | Australia | Childcare |
Yoon et al. 2021 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 153 | 0 | 1 | 35 | South Korea | Childcare |
Ehrhardt et al. 2020a | 6 | 11 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | Germany | Childcare |
Heavey et al. 2020 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 895 | 0 | 0 | 94 | Ireland | School |
Kim et al. 2021b | 1 | 1 | -- | -- | -- | -- | 2 | South Korea | Household |
Drezner et al. 2020c | 1 | 0 | 0 | 10 | -- | -- | -- | USA | Soccer |
Gharekhanloo, Sedighi, and Khazaei 2020 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Iran | Household |
Wong et al. 2020d | 1 | 0 | 0 | Â | 1 | 0 | Â | South East Asia | School |
Schwartz et al. 2020e | 1 | 0 | 3 | 4 | 6 | 2 | 4 | USA | Family gathering |
Pray et al. 2020 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 5 | -- | -- | -- | USA | School Retreat |
Fong et al. 2020 | 2 | 3 | -- | -- | 3 | -- | -- | Hong Kong | Household |
Pitman-Hunt et al. 2021f | 2 | 1 | -- | -- | 0 | -- | -- | USA | Household |
Teherani et al. 2020 | 7 | 4 | 0 | 6 | 10 | 0 | 10 | USA | Household |
Okarska-Napierala, Mańdziuk, and Kuchar 2021 | 7 | 3 | 1 | -- | 9 | 0 | -- | Poland | Nursery |
Maltezou et al. 2020g | 61 | 1 | -- | -- | 1 | 4 | -- | Greece | Household |
Heudorf, Steul, and Gottschalk 2020 | 3 | 2 | -- | -- | 1 | -- | -- | Germany | Household |
Ji et al. 2020 | 2 | 1 | -- | -- | 4 | -- | -- | China | Household |
Lin et al. 2020h | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 3 | China | Household |
Yung et al. 2021 | 2 | 0 | 42 | -- | -- | -- | -- | Singapore | School |
Buonsenso, Danilo, and Graglia 2021 | 2 | 9 | 0 | 0 | -- | -- | -- | Italy | School |
Cesilia et al. 2021 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | Indonesia | Household |
Gillespie et al. 2021i | 1 | 3 | -- | -- | 0 | -- | -- | USA | Household and School |
Shah, Kondre and Mavalankar 2021j | 72 | 0 | -- | -- | 2 | -- | -- | India | Household |
Siegel et al. 2021k | 1 | 12 | -- | -- | 2 | -- | -- | USA | School |
Brandal et al. 2021 | 13 | 2 | -- | -- | 1 | -- | -- | Norway | School |
Dawson et al. 2021l | 1 | 1 | -- | -- | 0 | -- | -- | USA | School |
Lin et al. 2021 | 1 | -- | -- | -- | 3 | -- | -- | China | Household |
Fiel-Ozores et al. 2021 | 1 | -- | -- | -- | 1 | -- | -- | Spain | Household |
Gupta et al. 2021m | 19 | 0 | -- | 6 | 7 | -- | 50 | India | Household |
Hershow et al. 2021n | 40 | 4 | -- | -- | 1 | -- | -- | USA | School |
Gold et al. 2021o | 1 | 2 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | USA | School |
Soriano-Arandes et al. 2021 | 80 | 60 | -- | -- | 107 | -- | -- | Spain | Household |
Jordan et al. 2021 | 30 | 11 | -- | -- | 1 | -- | -- | Spain | School |
Abbas and Tornhage 2021 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Sweden | Household |
Lewis et al. 2021 | 1 | 1 | -- | -- | 2 | -- | -- | USA | Household |
Ismail et al. 2021 | 21 | 6 | -- | -- | 33 | -- | -- | UK | School |
Danis et al. 2020p | 1 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | France | School |