Physical fitness, physical activity and adiposity: associations with risk factors for cardiometabolic disease and cognitive function across adolescence

Williams, Ryan A.; Cooper, Simon B.; Dring, Karah J.; Hatch, Lorna; Morris, John G.; Sun, Feng-Hua; Nevill, Mary E.

doi:10.1186/s12887-022-03118-3

Table 6 Cross–sectional associations with cognitive function outcomes and BDNF concentration, when controlling for year group and sex. Coefficients (β) are presented in their unstandardised forms, unless otherwise stated, with 95% confidence intervals

From: Physical fitness, physical activity and adiposity: associations with risk factors for cardiometabolic disease and cognitive function across adolescence

Test	Level	Variable	MSFT		Average Acceleration		Intensity Gradient		Waist Circumference
Test	Level	Variable	β (95% CI)	p	β (95% CI)	p	β (95% CI)	p	β (95% CI)	p
Stroop	Congruent	RT (ms)	-0.360 (-1.04, 0.32)	0.303	-2.69(-8.62, 3.23)	0.375	-60.4 (-183.9, 63.2)	0.341	2.1 (-0.9, 5.1)	0.185
		Accuracy (%)	0.035 (0.008, 0.062)	0.011	-0.08 (-0.28, 0.12)	0.441	2.14 (-2.17, 6.45)	0.333	-0.47 (-0.59, -0.35)	0.445
	Incongruent	RT (ms)	-1.43 (-2.66, -0.19)	0.025	-3.92 (-14.30, 6.45)	0.461	-100.5 (-316.7, 115.8)	0.365	2.6 (-2.9, 8.1)	0.356
		Accuracy (%)	0.045 (0.016, 0.074)	0.011	-0.29 (-0.49, -0.09)	0.092	-0.78 (-7.84, 6.28)	0.831	-0.15 (-0.33, 0.03)	0.108
Flanker	Congruent	RT (ms)	-0.015^a (-0.133, 0.103)	0.828	0.17 (-0.77, 1.12)	0.721	0.90^a (-17.4, 23.2)	0.928	0.37^a (-0.02, 0.77)	0.121
		Accuracy (%)	-0.015 (-0.044, 0.014)	0.952	-0.23 (-0.43, -0.03)	0.121	-1.77 (-8.04, 4.50)	0.578	-0.07 (-0.21, 0.07)	0.326
	Incongruent	RT (ms)	-0.015 (-0.132, 0.103)	0.834	-0.11 (-1.05, 0.83)	0.813	-1.10^a (-18.9, 20.6)	0.910	0.40^a (-0.10, 0.90)	0.109
		Accuracy (%)	0.003 (-0.073, 0.079)	0.944	0.01 (-0.58, 0.60)	0.960	4.18 (-9.54, 17.90)	0.553	-0.10 (-0.43, 0.23)	0.294
Sternberg paradigm	One item	RT (ms)	-0.66 (-1.22, -0.10)	0.026	-0.46^a (-1.39, 0.48)	0.338	-9.8^a (-25.8, 9.8)	0.305	0.40^a (-0.05, 0.85)	0.066
		Accuracy (%)	0.015 (-0.038, 0.068)	0.581	-0.31 (-0.80, 0.18)	0.210	-7.04 (-17.23, 3.15)	0.185	0.11 (-0.13, 0.35)	0.337
	Three item	RT (ms)	-0.38 (-1.23, 0.48)	0.387	-3.52 (-10.45, 3.42)	0.323	0.80^a (-18.8, 25.1)	0.943	0.21^a (-0.34, 0.76)	0.448
		Accuracy (%)	0.051 (-0.037, 0.139)	0.240	-0.30 (-0.89, 0.29)	0.360	3.70 (-10.22, 17.61)	0.605	-0.17 (-0.54, 0.20)	0.359
	Five item	RT (ms)	-0.06^a (-0.18, 0.06)	0.246	-0.68^a (-1.61, 0.26)	0.160	-13.9^a (-29.3, 4.8)	0.138	3.0 (-1.1, 7.1)	0.156
		Accuracy (%)	0.030 (-0.023, 0.083)	0.251	-0.09 (-0.56, 0.38)	0.687	0.81 (-9.18, 10.81)	0.875	0.12 (-0.12, 0.35)	0.311
Visual search	Baseline	RT (ms)	-0.43 (-0.81, -0.05)	0.032	-0.004 ^a (-0.53, 0.53)	0.989	-1.8^a (-12.0, 9.6)	0.750	1.10 (-0.68, 2.79)	0.236
		Accuracy (%)	0.007 (-0.038, 0.051)	0.783	0.07 (-0.32, 0.46)	0.717	-2.10 (-10.53, 6.33)	0.626	0.09 (-0.11, 0.29)	0.353
	Complex	RT (ms)	-2.43 (-4.96, 0.10)	0.020	-0.67^a (-2.00, 0.68)	0.334	-0.90^a (-25.6, 31.9)	0.953	-0.01^a (-0.67, 0.66)	0.982
		Accuracy (%)	-0.068 (-0.156, 0.021)	0.174	-0.65 (-1.43, 0.13)	0.150	-1.30 (-19.72, 17.12)	0.890	0.13 (-0.26, 0.52)	0.554
BDNF Concentration (ng·ml⁻¹)			0.05 (-0.01, 0.11)	0.103	0.14 (-0.41, 0.69)	0.613	5.54 (-5.36, 16.44)	0.321	-0.17 (-0.42, 0.10)	0.210

MSFT, Multi-Stage Fitness Test CI, Confidence Interval VST, Visual Search Test BDNF, Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor
Coefficient and CI are presented as a 1-unit change in the dependent variable for a 1-unit change in MSFT (15 m), average acceleration (1 mg), intensity gradient (1 AU), waist circumference (1 cm)
For log transformed variables ^a, the coefficients and CI are presented as a % change in the dependent variable for a 1-unit change in the predictor
Significant associations are highlighted in bold (p < 0.05)

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