Table 1 Study characteristics and relevant findings of studies of childhood overall injuries
From: Epidemiology of childhood injuries in Saudi Arabia: a scoping review
Author | Timeframe | Study type (sample size) | Relevant findings | Region | STROBE Score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(Gad et al., 2011) [17] | 2011 | Cross-sectional N=1650 | History of injury in the past 12 months was reported by 22.2% of the children. Injuries were higher among males compared to females (26% vs. 18%, respectively, P < 0.001). Male gender was a significant predictor of falls and MVC (OR: 1.76, OR: 2.17, respectively, P < 0.001) The most common type of injury fall (40.4%) followed by MVC (15%) and food poisoning (8.8%). The reported mortality rate of injured children was 1.5% | Riyadh | 17 |
(Alhabdan et al., 2013) [18] | 2001 - 2009 | Retrospective N=1219 | The most common cause of injury was MVC (34.2%) followed by pedestrian injury (30.3%) and falls (28.4%). Most of head injuries (66.3%) occurred in children younger than 12 years. The overall mortality rate was 14.7%. | Riyadh | 14 |
(Alanzi, 2013) [19] | 2010 - 2011 | Retrospective N=200 | The prevalence of fingertip injury was significantly higher among males compared to females ((59.5% vs. 40.5%, P<0.001). Children younger than 5 years were more likely to have fingertip incidents. The most common cause for fingertip injury was house doors. | Riyadh | 13 |
(Assiry, 2014) [20] | 2012 - 2014 | Retrospective N=71 | Head injuries were most likely to occur in males (76.1%). The major cause was MVC (63.4%) followed by falls (32.4%). | Southern region - Asir | 13 |
(Alnasser et al., 2018) [21] | 2009 - 2014 | Retrospective N=1762 | Males represented 68.4% of admitted children following injuries. The most common type of injury was blunt trauma (73%), followed by burns (17%) and penetrating injuries (10%). Blunt trauma was mainly caused by MVC (50%) followed by fall (40%). The leading cause of deaths among patients was blunt injury (92%). The mortality rate was 2.8% | Riyadh | 16 |
(Alghnam et al., 2019) [22] | 2001 - 2018 | Retrospective N=5563 | Males represented 75.8% of admitted children following injuries. The most common type of injury was fall (31.5%), followed by an MVC (28.5%) The prevalence of children who had extended length of stay was 14%. The major cause of injury that led to extended length of stay was MVC. Mechanism of injury was a significant predictor of extended length of stay with higher odds for MVC and burns (OR: 16.2, OR: 14.5, respectively, P < 0.001) as opposed to falls. | Riyadh | 19 |
(Al-Qurashi et al., 2019) [23] | 2005 - 2015 | Retrospective N=51 | Males represented 66.7% of the drowning incidents. Brain death occurred in 4% of the cases, 2% had severe neurological issues and 94% fully recovered. Most cases (74.5%) occurred in the sea (56.9%) at the night with no lifeguard present (92.2%). | Eastern Region -Dammam | 15 |
(Alzamil et al., 2019) [24] | 2018 | Cross-sectional N=323 | Visual loss was present in 39% of Pediatric Ophthalmology Clinic (N=818) whereas 22.9% were blind. Trauma was the most common cause for unilateral blindness (20.7%) followed by refractive errors (15.5%). | Eastern region - Dhahran | 15 |
(AlAteeq et al., 2020) [25] | 2016 - 2017 | Cross-sectional N=491 | Most injuries occurred in males (64%). The leading cause of injuries was fall (47.7%) followed by hot liquids and chemical exposure (14.5%). The most common injury types were fractures, dislocations, and subluxations (47.3%) followed by penetration injuries (21%) and burn injuries (17.5%). The mortality rate was 1.2% | Riyadh | 15 |
(Alkhamis & Abdulkader, 2020) [26] | 2020 | Cross-sectional N=283 | The prevalence of unintentional childhood injuries was 24.7% in the past 12 months. The prevalence of unintentional childhood injuries was significantly higher in males compared to females (32.5% vs. 15.9%, respectively, P=0.001). Male gender was a significant predictor of unintentional injuries (OR: 2.59, P=0.003). Most injuries occurred at home (74.3%). The most common cause of injurie was falls (62.9%) followed by burns (22.9%). | Riyadh | 18 |
(Al-Sarheed et al., 2020) [27] | 2005 - 2018 | Retrospective N=62 | Most trauma injuries occurred in males (77.4%). The most common cause of injury was MVC (59.7%), followed by pedestrian accidents (21%) and falls (14.5%). The mortality rate was 12.7% | Riyadh | 15 |