Table 1 The characteristics of the studies included in the systematic review and meta-analysis, 2020
First author | Year | Country | Study design | Sample size | Duration/months | Prevalence per 10, 000 births |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gedefaw et al. [2] | 2018 | Ethiopia | Cross-sectional | 8677 | 7 | 63 |
Nasri et al. [3] | 2014 | Tunisia | Cross-sectional | 3,803,889 | 240 | 2 |
Adane et al. [5] | 2018 | Ethiopia | Cross-sectional | 19,650 | 36 | 52 |
Anyanwu et al. [6] | 2015 | Nigeria | Cross-sectional | 1456 | 9 | 27 |
Houchar et al. [7] | 2008 | Algeria | Cross-sectional | 28,500 | 36 | 75 |
Berihu et al. [9] | 2018 | Ethiopia | Cross-sectional | 14,903 | 9 | 131 |
Taye et al. [10] | 2019 | Ethiopia | Cross-sectional | 76,201 | 6 | 40 |
Abebe et al. [11] | 2020 | Ethiopia | Cross-sectional | 45,951 | 60 | 41 |
Nnadi et al. [12] | 2016 | Nigeria | Prospective | 10,163 | 36 | 22 |
Githuku et al. [13] | 2014 | Kenya | Cross-sectional | 6041 | 72 | 3 |
Estifanos etal [14]. | 2017 | Eritrea | Cross-sectional | 39,803 | 24 | 39 |
Toma et al. [15] | 2018 | Nigeria | Cross-sectional | 1046 | 35 | 250 |
Audu et al. [16] | 2004 | Nigeria | Cross-sectional | 2250 | 48 | 80 |
Legesse et al. [17] | 2019 | Ethiopia | Prospective | 956 | 7 | 63 |
Nasri et al. [8] | 2015 | Tunisia | Cross-sectional | 764,431 | 48 | 2 |
Atlaw et al. [18] | 2019 | Ethiopia | Case-control | 462 | 6 | – |
Berihu et al. [19] | 2019 | Ethiopia | Case-control | 617 | 9 | – |
Aynalem etal [20]. | 2018 | Ethiopia | Case-control | 180 | 7 | – |
Nasri et al. [21] | 2015 | Tunisia | Case-control | 150 | 7 | – |
Bourouba et al. [4] | 2018 | Algeria | Case-control | 130 | 12 | – |
Kitova et al. [22] | 2013 | Tunisia | Prospective | 150 | 36 | – |
Nasri et al. [23] | 2016 | Tunisia | Prospective | 132 | 9 | – |
Ahuka et al. [47] | 2006 | DR Congo | Cross-sectional | 8824 | 96 | 10 |
Oumer et al. [48] | 2016 | Sudan | Cross-sectional | 36,785 | 12 | 28 |
Alhassan et al. [49] | 2017 | Ghana | Cross-sectional | 35,426 | 48 | 16 |
Alrede et al. [50] | 1992 | Nigeria | Prospective | 5, 977 | 36 | 70 |
Ekanem et al. [51] | 2008 | Nigeria | Cross-sectional | 127,929 | 276 | 5 |
Singh et al. [52] | 2000 | Libya | Prospective | 15, 938 | 12 | 8 |
Mohammed etal [53]. | 2011 | Egypt | Cross-sectional | 5000 | 7 | 16 |
Njamnshi et al. [54] | 2008 | Cameron | Cross-sectional | 52,710 | 120 | 19 |
Sayed et al. [55] | 2008 | South Africa | Prospective | 53,000 | 9 | 10 |
Masamati et al. [58] | 2000 | Malawi | Cross-sectional | 25,562 | 24 | 6 |
Venter et al. [59] | 1995 | South Africa | Prospective | 10,380 | 40 | 36 |
Buccimazzaetal [60]. | 1994 | South Africa | Cross-sectional | 516,252 | 240 | 12 |
Kinasha et al. [61] | 2003 | Tanzania | Cross-sectional | 34,000 | 24 | 30 |
Elsheikh et al. [62] | 2009 | Sudan | Prospective | 18,378 | 12 | 35 |
Krzesinski etal [63]. | 2019 | South Africa | Cross-sectional | 93,609 | 72 | 7 |
Anyebuno et al. [57] | 1993 | Ghana | Cross-sectional | 19,094 | 24 | 12 |
Adetiloye et al. [66] | 1993 | Nigeria | Cross-sectional | 23, 438 | 120 | 5 |
Sorri et al. [64] | 2015 | Ethiopia | Cross-sectional | 28, 961 | 36 | 54 |
Ugwo et al. [65] | 2007 | Nigeria | Cross-sectional | 2, 891 | 48 | 128 |
Cornell et al. [67] | 1983 | South Africa | Cross-sectional | 116, 859 | 60 | 9 |
Kromberg et al. [68] | 1982 | South Africa | Cross-sectional | 29, 633 | – | 8 |