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Table 1 Distribution of comorbidities and other variables in an unadjusted bivariate analysis showing predictors of school attendance (n = 388)

From: Pattern of comorbidities in school-aged children with cerebral palsy in Cross River State, Nigeria

Type of comorbidity

N (%)

Crude OR

95% CI

P value

Feeding difficulties

334 (86)

0.06

0.01

0.3

< 0.0001

Learning difficulties

342 (88)

15.8

6.8

36.7

< 0.0001

Speech impairment

331 (85)

2.6

1.5

4.7

0.001

Swallowing difficulties

299 (77)

0.3

0.2

0.6

< 0.0001

Abnormal Behaviour

(Total difficulties score)

231 (62)

1.2

0.8

1.9

0.355

Visual acuity impairment

209 (54)

6.3

3.9

10.1

< 0.0001

Communication difficulties (CFCS 4–5)

173 (45)

4.8

2.9

7.8

< 0.0001

Objective perceptual visual disorders

177 (46)

5.2

1.2

22.8

0.027

Epilepsy

130 (35)

3.0

1.8

4.9

< 0.0001

Hearing impairment

46 (12)

1.3

0.6

2.5

0.468

Malnutrition

200 (51)

1.8

1.2

2.8

0.005

GMFCS IV-V

108 (28)

16.1

6.3

40.8

< 0.0001

MACS 4–5

88 (23)

20.2

6.2

65.4

< 0.0001

  1. {OR > 1 means significantly associated with poor school attendance, OR < 1 means significantly associated with better school attendance}