Clinical characteristics and risk factors of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in children with obesity

BMC Pediatrics

Table 1 Comparison of anthropometric measurements

Groups	SOB	NAFLD		F/Z/χ²	p-value
Groups	SOB	SS	NASH	F/Z/χ²	p-value
N (M/F)	148 (96/52)	235 (161/74)	45 (42/3)	13.73	0.001
Age (y)	10.19 ± 1.76	10.46 ± 1.71	10.65 ± 1.76	1.71	0.181
Tanner Stage, n (%)				4.38	0.357
1	86 (58.90%)	127 (55.70%)	23 (51.10%)
2–3	53 (36.30%)	88 (38.60%)	22 (48.90%)
4–5	7 (4.80%)	13 (5.70%)	0 (0.00%)
BMI (kg/m²)	25.16 (2.79)^ab	28.14 (3.93)^a	29.45 (4.42)	39.75	0.001
BMI-SDS	2.72 (0.76)^ab	3.20 (0.89)^a	3.60 (0.98)	21.83	0.001
Body fat (kg)	20.50 (5.87)^ab	26.67 (8.38)^a	29.33 (10.29)	35.91	0.001
Percentage of body fat (%)	37.12 ± 5.38^ab	40.40 ± 6.10	41.06 ± 6.27	16.15	0.001
Skeletal muscle (kg)	18.24 ± 4.53^ab	20.58 ± 5.35	22.25 ± 6.99	13.03	0.001
Percentage of skeletal muscle (%)	33.01 ± 3.14^ab	31.69 ± 3.43^a	30.17 ± 4.78	11.64	0.001
Waist circumference (cm)	83.62 ± 8.48^ab	92.50 ± 10.45^a	96.14 ± 10.25	45.26	0.001
WHtR (%)	0.57 ± 0.05^ab	0.61 ± 0.05	0.63 ± 0.04	35.42	0.001
SBP (mmHg)	111 ± 15^ab	116 ± 16^a	123 ± 16	11.86	0.001
DBP (mmHg)	65 ± 10^ab	69 ± 10	71 ± 10	8.01	0.001

Normal distribution data are expressed as the mean ± SD. Non-normal distribution data are presented as median (interquartile). vs. NASH group, ^a p < 0.001; vs. SS group, ^b p < 0.001
SOB Simple Obese, NAFLD Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, SS Simple Steatosis, NASH Nonalcoholic Fatty Hepatitis, M Male, F Female, BMI Body Mass Index, BMI-SDS Body Mass Index Standard deviation score, WHtR Waist to height ratio, SBP Systolic blood pressure, DBP Diastolic blood pressure

ISSN: 1471-2431